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. 2022 Dec 3;19:289. doi: 10.1186/s12974-022-02651-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — COG1410 treatment attenuated BBB disruption, brain oedema, and CBF decrease after CCI. A Representative horizontal and coronal images of brains after EB injection. The red boxes represent the area of brain tissue extraction in Western blot analysis. B Quantitative analysis of EB leakage intensity. *p < 0.05 vs. Sham; ^#p < 0.05 vs. CCI + Vehicle, n = 6 per group. C Red fluorescence of EB was observed by fluorescence microscopy in different groups. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 100 μm. n = 3 per group. D Representative images of double immunofluorescence staining of Claudin-5 and CD31. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 100 μm. E Quantitative analysis of the relative Claudin-5 fluorescence intensity in different groups. *p < 0.05 vs. Sham; ^#p < 0.05 vs. CCI + Vehicle, n = 6 per group. F Representative Western blot bands of ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-5, and β-Actin at the lesion sites after CCI. G–I Quantitative analysis of relative ZO-1 (G), Occludin (H), and Claudin-5 (I) density. *p < 0.05 vs. Sham; ^#p < 0.05 vs. CCI + Vehicle, n = 6 per group. J Representative images of MRI scanning at 3 d after CCI. K Quantitative analysis of brain oedema volume at 3 d after CCI. *p < 0.05 vs. Sham; ^#p < 0.05 vs. CCI + Vehicle, n = 6 per group. L Quantitative analysis of brain water content at 3 d after CCI. *p < 0.05 vs. Sham; ^#p < 0.05 vs. CCI + Vehicle, n = 6 per group. M Representative images of CBF by LSCI in different groups at different timepoints. N Quantitative analysis of continuous CBF changes before and after CCI. *p < 0.05 vs. CCI + Vehicle, n = 6 per group