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. 2022 Nov 21;10:1060850. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1060850

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Copyright © 2022 Ortega, Fraile-Martínez, García-Montero, Paradela, Asunción Sánchez-Gil, Rodriguez-Martin, De León-Luis, Pereda-Cerquella, Bujan, Guijarro, Alvarez-Mon and García-Honduvilla.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The relevance of PEVs in the context of GDM. Different factors associated with this condition such as hyperglycemia and high body mass index can induce significant changes in PEV profile. EVs from other tissues affected by GDM such as adipose tissue can induce changes in the placenta. PEVs can in turn reduce insulin secretion from the pancreas, altering insulin signaling pathways and insulin sensitivity in different tissues such as the muscle or endothelium, driving to its activation and pro-inflammatory switch. Translational knowledge will help to improve the clinical management of GDM patients.