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. 2022 Nov 21;13:1049936. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1049936

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Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Sun, Jiang, Lu, Ding, Li, Tian and Wang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Major regulators of ferroptosis. (A) Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is the key regulator of classical ferroptosis, and is mainly involved in the antioxidant axis system x_c ^--GSH-GPX4. (B) Many studies have focused on system x_c-, with SLC7A11 acting as a mediator of system x_c-. (C) FSP1 protects cells from ferroptosis through the NAD (P)H/FSP1/CoQ10 system as a result of genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of GPX4. (D) GTP cyclase hydrolase-1 (GCH1) protects cells from ferroptosis mainly through the GCH1/BH4/DHFR pathway.