. 2022 Nov 21;13:1027618. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1027618

Table 3.

The analysis of variance includes the effect of the year (Y), fertilizer treatment (F), genotype (G), and their interaction on the grain yield (GY), protein, oil, starch, phytic phosphorus (Pphy), phenolics (Phen), yellow pigment (YP), and glutathione (GSH) contents, reduction capacity of the DPPH radical (DPPH), and concentrations of Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and S in maize grains with different kernel colors.

SOF	df	GY	Protein	Oil	Starch	Pphy	Phen.		YP	GSH	DPPH		Mg	Ca	Fe	Mn	Zn	Cu	S
Repl.	4	F
Y	2	464.4^*	27.94^*	3.17^*	0.55	42.47^*	7.07^*		17.32^*	0.74^*	10.53^*		26.66^*	101.85^*	6.56^*	6.40^*	78.15^*	159.44^*	68.08^*
G	2	0.95^*	28.22^*	312.54^*	30.62^*	8.49^*	87.49^*		84.46^*	2.24^*	48.69^*		20.16^*	0.82	9.92^*	22.85^*	2.98^*	0.01	3.68^*
F	3	0.05	2.03^*	0.36	1.09^*	0.30	0.17		0.04	2.07^*	0.16		3.89^*	2.87^*	24.18^*	7.08^*	5.01^*	3.06^*	4.24^*
Y × G	35	210.74^*	134.15^*	176.09^*	45.38^*	37.93^*	89.91^*		792.53^*	2.35^*	55.48^*		55.16^*	29.81^*	7.32^*	34.75^*	47.35^*	51.01^*	30.08^*
Y × F	47	64.85^*	6.80^*	0.71	0.57	8.58^*	1.60^*		2.92^*	1.74^*	2.07^*		7.56^*	43.19^*	13.85^*	3.80^*	24.09^*	77.92^*	37.59^*
G × F	47	64.82^*	7.93^*	67.9^*	6.99^*	2.06^*	16.49^*		14.25^*	2.08^*	10.46^*		5.83^*	1.13^*	12.12^*	8.34^*	2.04^*	0.88^*	2.04^*
Y × G × F	143	47.99^*	21.09^*	81.34^*	19.20^*	30.43^*	101.11^*		338.52^*	3.12^*	224.87^*		321.12^*	1,201.6^*	612.22^*	131.04^*	420.65^*	863.88^*	1,939.1^*
p _0.05
Y		0.000	0.000	0.046	0.578	0.000		0.001	0.000	0.478		0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.002	0.000	0.000	0.000
G		0.395	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000		0.000	0.000	0.111		0.000	0.000	0.443	0.000	0.000	0.055	0.986	0.028
F		0.995	0.114	0.779	0.355	0.803		0.919	0.991	0.108		0.925	0.011	0.040	0.000	0.000	0.003	0.032	0.007
Y × G		0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000		0.000	0.000	0.023		0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Y × F		0.000	0.000	0.727	0.852	0.000		0.110	0.002	0.076		0.030	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
G × F		0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.031		0.000	0.000	0.029		0.000	0.000	0.345	0.000	0.000	0.033	0.560	0.033
Y × G × F		0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000		0.000	0.000	0.000		0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
CV (%)		3.08	3.42	4.57	2.42	4.51		5.14	4.99	4.57		6.64	4.30	4.74	2.30	1.60	2.06	4.64	1.72
		t ha⁻¹	%	mg g⁻¹		µg g⁻¹		nmol g⁻¹		%	µg g⁻¹
2018		9.79	9.39	4.65	70.1	2.53		328.7	9.87	1,075		88.3	1,938	111.7	38.62	11.53	36.66	3.47	2,417
2019		10.30	10.13	4.59	70.9	2.38		374.5	14.92	995		84.7	1,706	262.9	47.11	10.38	26.55	7.86	2,465
2020		8.08	9.40	4.48	71.0	2.60		356.8	10.21	1,055		89.7	1,997	220.0	48.84	10.62	33.88	3.57	2,755
White		7.93	9.09	4.12	71.9	2.50		322.0	1.20	1,125		84.5	1,719	185.8	38.24	9.73	30.77	4.96	2,178
Yellow		9.51	9.84	4.22	70.7	2.63		245.8	19.61	1,134		79.5	1,963	199.3	45.01	11.69	33.90	4.92	2,505
Red		10.73	10.00	5.38	69.4	2.38		492.3	14.20	866		98.8	1,959	209.5	51.33	11.11	32.41	5.01	2,954
BF		9.68	9.48	4.61	70.8	2.51		324.8	11.50	932		87.0	1,941	212.5	58.39	11.36	34.74	4.80	2,524
OF		9.46	9.86	4.65	70.5	2.52		359.6	11.67	1,013		87.5	1,946	220.1	45.13	11.52	33.84	5.89	2,748
Urea		8.97	9.74	4.48	70.4	2.52		379.6	11.54	1,258		88.0	1,855	196.6	40.84	10.45	30.60	5.14	2,504
Con		9.45	9.48	4.56	70.9	2.47		349.4	11.97	964		87.8	1,779	163.7	35.08	10.04	30.26	4.02	2,407

^*5%, significant at the probability level. SOF, source of variation; df, degrees of freedom; BF, biofertilizer; OF, organic fertilizer; Con, control (no fertilizer); CV, coefficient of variation.