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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Surgery. 2022 Dec;172(6 Suppl):S29–S37. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2022.06.036

Table IV.

Module 2-General statements regarding and indications for sentinel lymph node identification during gastric cancer surgery

Statements voted upon No. of votes Voting, % Most common response No. of rounds Consensus, %
Consensus reached
 SLN navigation surgery can increase the applicability of local resection techniques (eg, ESD, WR, segmental resection, NEWS, CLEAN-NET, etc) in SLN negative cases. 19 86.4 Agree 1 94.7
 Cancer deposits in a sentinel lymph node <2 mm in diameter (micro-metastasis) should be considered a positive node. 21 95.5 Agree 1 86.4
 The SLN basin is best defined by a… (named artery area; lymph node area) 20 100 Lymph node area 2 85.0
 There is a role for SLN dissection for early-stage cancers EVEN LARGER than 4 cm in diameter. 19 95.0 Disagree 2 84.2
 SLN dissection only has a role in patients with T1 gastric cancer. 18 90.0 Agree 2 83.3
 The best approach to SLN dissection is the… (pick-up method; SLN basin technique). 17 85.0 SLN basin 2 82.4
 There is a role for SLN dissection in patients with any T-stage gastric cancer. 20 90.9 Disagree 1 80.0
 A false negative rate >10% is acceptable for the clinical application of SLN navigation in gastric surgery. 19 86.4 Disagree 1 78.9
 There is a role for SLN dissection for early-stage cancers <3 cm in diameter. 19 95.0 Agree 2 78.9
 There is a role for SLN dissection even in cases where endoscopic resection is the only management of the primary tumor (EMR or ESD). 19 95.0 Agree 2 78.9
 There is a role for SLN dissection for early-stage cancers <4 cm in diameter. 20 90.9 Agree 1 75.0
 Intraoperative frozen section evaluation with H&E staining is an acceptable modality for the identification of positive SLNs in gastric cancer. 18 90.0 Agree 2 72.2
 Frozen section with H&E is not enough for the diagnosis of positive SLNs and more advanced pathologic methods should be used (eg, serial sectioning, IHC, and/or PCR). 18 81.8 Agree 1 72.2
No consensus reached
 Frozen section is inadequate for identification of positive SLNs regardless of pathologic modality used (only permanent section is appropriate for clinical decision-making). 20 100 Agree 2 65.0
 SLN dissection should be used for decision-making re: the extent of gastric resection (versus a standard resection schema (distal/subtotal/total) based solely on tumor location… (N, S, M, A). 19 95.0 Sometimes 2 63.2
 SLN dissection should be used for decision-making regarding the extent of lymphadenectomy (versus routine D2 lymphadenectomy)… (N, S, M, A) 19 95.0 Most times 2 63.2
 SLN dissection is for research purposes only and has no role in clinical practice. 19 95.0 Agree 2 63.2
 There is a role for SLN dissection in patients with T1 & T2 gastric cancer. 18 90.0 Agree 2 61.1

Average consensus ¼ 76.2%.

CLEAN-NET, combination of laparoscopic and endoscopic approaches to neoplasia with non-exposure technique; EMR, endoscopic mucosal resection; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; FI, fluorescence imaging; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; ICG, indocyanine green; IHC, immunohistochemistry; NEWS, nonexposure endoscopic wall-inversion surgery; NIR, near-infrared; (N, S, M, A), never, sometimes, most of the time, always; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; SLN, sentinel lymph node; WR, wedge resection.