Dunn 2005.
Methods | RCT | |
Participants | Community volunteers recruited via media. Men or women aged 20 to 45 with mild to moderate depression Mean age 35.9 75% women N = 80 | |
Interventions | 4 different aerobic exercise programmes, that varied in total energy expenditure (7.0 kcal/kg/week or 17.5 kcal/kg/week) and frequency (3 days per week or 5 days per week). The 17.5 kcal/kg/week is consistent with public health recommendations for physical activity and is termed 'public health dose'.
1. Public health dose 3/week (n = 17)
2. Public health dose 5/week (n = 16)
3. Low dose 3/week.(n = 16)
4. Low dose 5/week (n = 18)
5. Control, (flexibility exercise) 3 sessions per week (n = 13) Exercise was on a treadmill or stationary bike, individually and monitored by laboratory staff. Duration 12 weeks. |
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Outcomes | Change in HRSD from baseline to 12 weeks. | |
Notes | Intention‐to‐treat (though data from the last available exercise session rather than data collected at 12 weeks were used in the analysis) Outcome assessors blind | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Method of sequence generation not stated |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Low risk | Opaque sealed envelopes |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) participants | Unclear risk | Participants not blind to treatment allocation, but unclear effect on bias |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) those delivering intervention | Unclear risk | Those supervising delivery of the intervention were not blind, but it is unclear what effect this had on bias |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) outcome assessors | Low risk | Trained research assistants applied the HRSD blind to treatment allocation |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Intention‐to‐treat analyses |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | There is a published protocol (Dunn 2002) |
Other bias | Unclear risk | Unclear |