Skip to main content
. 2013 Sep 12;2013(9):CD004366. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004366.pub6

Foley 2008.

Methods RCT (parallel group)
Participants Recruited from media advertisements, pamphlet and poster displays and psychiatric referrals with major depressive episode.
Age range 18 ‐ 55, mean age and gender data not stated
 N = 23
Interventions 1. Moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise. Each session lasted 30 ‐ 40 minutes (n = 10)
2. Mild‐intensity stretching (n = 13)
12‐week programme of 3 supervised sessions per week
Outcomes Beck Depression Inventory
Montgomery‐Asberg Depression Rating scale
Notes Intention‐to‐treat analysis
Small sample size with insufficient power to detect small differences
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk Not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Unclear
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 participants Unclear risk Participants were not blind to treatment allocation, but it is unclear what effect this has had on bias.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 those delivering intervention Unclear risk Those delivering intervention were not blind, but it is unclear what effect this had on bias
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 outcome assessors High risk Self report BDI
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes High risk 10/23 dropped out (2/10 in exercise arm and 8/13 in stretching)
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Unclear risk From the study report, it appears that all prespecified outcome measures have been reported; no protocol
Other bias Unclear risk Unclear