Table 1.
Demographics, Baseline Characteristics, and Follow up of Patients Who Underwent Contrast-Enhanced TRUS Imaging After Prostate Hemigland HIFU Ablation
| Characteristic | Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | Case 5 | Case 6 | Case 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| Age, y | 46 | 72 | 63 | 61 | 41 | 66 | 80 |
| PSA, ng/mL | 5.2 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 6.5 | 9.1 | 3.1 | 11.0 |
| Clinical stage (DRE) | cT1c | cT2a | cT2a | cT1c | cT1c | cT1c | cT2b |
| Previous treatment for prostate cancer | No | No | No | No | No | No | Cryo, sEBRT |
| Pre-HIFU multiparametric MRI PI-RADS score |
3 | NAa | 5 | No lesion | 5 | NAb | No lesion |
| Size of lesion, mm | 9 | 18 | 18 | 12 | |||
| Pre-HIFU TRUS and biopsy Prostate volume, cm3 |
27 | 26 | 26 | 46 | 36 | 23 | 18 |
| No. of positive cores | 6 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| Gleason grade group | 2 | 3c | 3c | 4c | 2 | 1 | 5c |
| Maximum cancer core, % | 40 | 80 | 60 | 5 | 50 | 10 | 50 |
| Follow-up time, mo | 20 | 20 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 13 |
| Time to PSA nadir, mo | 3 | 6 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| PSA nadir, ng/mL | 0.83 | 0.2 | 0.77 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 0.68 |
| Reduction in PSA at nadir, % | 84 | 95 | 82 | 48 | 75 | 30 | 94 |
| Follow up contrast-enhanced TRUS TRUS prostate volume, cm3 |
15 | 13 | 17 | 12 | 18 | 16 | 18 |
| Reduction in prostate volume, % | 44 | 50 | 35 | 74 | 50 | 30 | 0 |
| Ablation zone visualized | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Time-intensity curve enhancement patterns Enhancement in the treated lobe |
E1 | E0 | E0 | E1 | E0 | E2 | E0 |
| Discrete lesion in the treated lobe | E0 | E0 | E0 | E0 | E2 | E0 | E2 |
| Enhancement in the untreated lobe | E2 | E2 | E1 | E2 | E1 | E2 | E1 |
| Follow-up multiparametric MRI PI-RADS score |
No lesion | NAa | No lesion | No lesion | 4 | NAb | 4 |
| Follow-up prostate biopsy | |||||||
| Follow-up biopsy performed | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Positive biopsy results in treated lobe | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Gleason grade group | 2 | 1 | 4 | ||||
| Maximum cancer core, % | 50 | 20 | 30 | ||||
Cryo indicates cryoablation; DRE, digital rectal examination; E0, no enhancement; E1, mild or patchy enhancement; E2, marked enhancement; NA, not applicable; PI-RADS, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System; and sEBRT, salvage external beam radiation therapy.
a
Patient could not have MRI because of the presence of a defibrillator.
b
Patient could not have MRI because of claustrophobia.
c
These 4 patients with high-risk or recurrent prostate cancer specifically requested HIFU hemiablation; additional imaging was performed to rule out metastases.