. 2022 Apr 25;8(6):691–714. doi: 10.1002/osp4.605

TABLE 2.

Summary of cross‐sectional studies' self‐ratings of PPWB outcomes in women with obesity

	Context		Comparators											PPWB measures
Reference	General population	Health care centers	BMI <18.5 kg/m²	BMI 18.5–25 kg/m²	BMI 25–29.9 kg/m²	BMI ≥30 kg/m²	Country	Healthy volunteer	Men	Menopause	PCOS	Race	18–24 years of age	General well‐being	Happiness	Life satisfaction	Positive affect	Positive relationships	Self‐esteem	Vitality
Acmaz 2013		x			x			x			x	x				↓				↓
Ball 2004	x			x									x			↓		↓
Böckerman 2014	x		x	x	x				x							↔
Bookwala 2008	x			x					X					↓
Brown 2000	x		x	x	x								x							↓
Burns 2021	x					x													↓^a
Godoy‐Izquierdo 2020		x		x	x				X						↓
Hill 1998	x			x	x	x													↓
Jorm 2003	x		x	x	x												↔
Laferrere 2002	x									x		x				↔			↔	↑^b
Latif 2014	x								X						↓
Pasco 2013	x			x													⊗
Polat 2020		x				x										⊕
Rodino 2016		x		x	x	x		x			x								↓
Sato 2020		x				x	x		X						⊗
Smith 2014		x				x							x						↓^c
Ul‐Haq 2014	x				x										↔
Unlu 2019		x		x															↓
Wadsworth 2014	x					x			X							↓
Wee 2014		x										x							⊗
van Zutven 2015	x			x	x											↔

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; PCOS‐Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Symbols, ↓Low levels; ↓ ^a low Self‐esteem predicted internalized weight stigma; ↑^b Vitality higher in post‐menopausal women compared to premenopausal African American women with obesity; ↓^c lower self esteem associated with stress, loneliness, and poor health; ⊕ moderate level; ↔ negative association not significant after controlling variables; ⊗ no association.