. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Autism Res. 2022 Oct 3;15(12):2359–2370. doi: 10.1002/aur.2822

Table 5.

Associations between parental epigenetic age acceleration and child Vineland Adaptive Behaviors Scale (VABS) scores at 36 months of age

	Crude model		Adjusted model^a
	beta (95% CI)	p-value	beta (95% CI)	p-value
Maternal epigenetic age acceleration
Horvath’s clock	0.05 (−0.47, 0.57)	0.85	0.02 (−0.53, 0.56)	0.96
Hannum’s clock	0.36 (−0.30, 1.02)	0.28	0.15 (−0.56, 0.86)	0.68
PhenoAge	0.06 (−0.45, 0.58)	0.81	0.03 (−0.51, 0.57)	0.91
Paternal epigenetic age acceleration
Horvath’s clock	0.12 (−0.64, 0.40)	0.64	0.14 (−0.43, 0.71)	0.63
Hannum’s clock	−0.19 (−0.76, 0.38)	0.51	0.08 (−0.53, 0.69)	0.79
PhenoAge	0.02 (−0.55, 0.59)	0.94	0.28 (−0.31, 0.86)	0.34

Estimated beta coefficients and 95% confidential intervals (CI) are shown per one unit increase in epigenetic age acceleration.

Adjusted for study site, child’s sex, top 5 ancestry principal components (PCs), and maternal or paternal education.