. 2022 Nov 22;13:1063914. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1063914

Table 2.

Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lactiplantibacillus brevis on fermentation characteristics of paper mulberry silage.

Days	Treatment¹	pH	NH₃-N	WSCs	LA	AA	PA
3	Control	5.70^Aa	0.07^Db	8.95^Aa	16.34^Dd	6.33^Cc	0.73^Dc
	LP	5.27^Ac	0.10^Da	9.05^Aa	26.21^Db	14.61^Bb	3.24^Bb
	LB	5.55^Ab	0.11^Da	8.94^Aa	23.50^Cc	17.50^Ba	4.07^Aa
	LPLB	5.27^Ac	0.11^Da	9.21^Aa	29.12^Ca	15.07^Cb	3.73^Aab
	SEM	0.021	0.003	0.071	0.164	0.333	0.103
	P-value	<0.001	<0.001	0.508	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
14	Control	5.19^Ba	0.32^Ca	8.63^ABa	32.69^Cbc	15.24^Bab	3.96^Aa
	LP	4.84^Bb	0.21^Cb	7.60^Bb	38.79^Ca	14.87^Bb	4.31^Aa
	LB	4.86^Bb	0.23^Cb	7.73^Bb	27.74^Cc	16.45^Bab	3.95^Aa
	LPLB	4.88^Bb	0.35^Ca	7.22^Bb	33.45^Cb	20.24^Ba	4.50^Aa
	SEM	0.012	0.005	0.089	0.76	0.799	0.172
	P-value	<0.001	<0.001	0.001	0.006	0.141	0.629
30	Control	5.15^Ba	0.42^Ba	8.33^Ba	46.84^Ba	19.06^Ab	3.08^Ba
	LP	4.87^Ba	0.36^Ba	7.45^Bb	47.97^Ba	19.86^Ab	2.74^Ba
	LB	4.82^Ba	0.42^Ba	7.86^Bab	42.04^Ba	27.36^Aa	2.28^Ba
	LPLB	4.85^Ba	0.37^Ba	6.86^Bc	47.14^Ba	26.47^Aa	2.48^Ba
	SEM	0.01	0.01	0.087	0.908	0.805	0.122
	P-value	<0.001	0.116	<0.001	0.168	0.011	0.189
60	Control	4.71^Ca	0.65^Aa	7.42^Ca	54.12^Ab	17.26^ABa	2.34^Ca
	LP	4.42^Cc	0.46^Ac	6.11^Cb	66.59^Aa	18.87^Aa	1.44^Cc
	LB	4.56^Cb	0.51^Ab	6.30^Bb	62.69^Aab	21.27^Ba	1.22^Cc
	LPLB	4.63^Cab	0.51^Ab	6.77^Bb	55.17^Aab	20.71^Ba	1.82^Bb
	SEM	0.013	0.006	0.104	1.794	0.651	0.054
	P-value	<0.001	<0.001	0.004	0.109	0.165	<0.001
p-value	Day	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**
	Treatment	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^*
	D × T	^**	^**	^**	^**	^*	^**

Means of three observations. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between different treatments at the same time. Different capital letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between the different times of the same treatment. WSCs, water-soluble carbohydrates; NH₃-N, ammoniacal nitrogen; LA, lactic acid; AA, acetic acid; PA, propionic acid. Percentage of DM WSCs. Percentage of total nitrogen for NH₃-N; g/kg of DM for LA, AA, and PA.

Control, ensiling with no inoculant applied; LP, inoculated with L. plantarum MZ008357; LB, inoculated with L. brevis MZ008360; LPLB, inoculated with L. plantarum and L. brevis; SEM, standard error of means.

p < 0.05;

^**

P < 0.01.