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. 2022 Nov 22;9:1024942. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1024942

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Copyright © 2022 Kang, Yang, Zhao, Li, Zhang, Han, Liu, Song, Chen, Li, Hong, Li, Guo, Wang and Yuan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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A mediation analysis model diagram. For brevity and clarity, a simplified version of the calculated model is presented. “c” means the total effect of preoperative plasma visfatin on postoperative delirium (POD) is represented by “c”, whereas, “c”’ means the direct effect of preoperative plasma visfatin on POD after controlling for the level of postoperative plasma interleukin (IL-6); “a” means the effect of preoperative plasma visfatin on the level of postoperative plasma IL-6; “b” means the effect of postoperative plasma IL-6 on POD, after controlling for preoperative plasma visfatin, the indirect effect of preoperative plasma visfatin on POD through postoperative plasma IL-6 can then be quantified as the product of “a” and “b”. IL-6, interleukin-6; POD, postoperative delirium.