Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of U.S. States (N = 37).
| Mean (or %) | SD | Range | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cumulative age-adjusted death rates (AADR; 1/2020-8/20/2022) | ||||
| B/W AADR | 1.59 | 0.27 | [1.14, 2.08] | CDC Wonder |
| State-level structural racism indicators (2019) | ||||
| B/W incarceration rates | 5.74 | 2.58 | [2.51, 12.26] | BJS; ACS 1-year estimate; Author's Calculations |
| W/B college degree completion | 1.74 | 0.38 | [1.01, 2.96] | CPS ASEC; Author's Calculations |
| B/W unemployment rates | 2.36 | 0.87 | [0.77, 4.77] | CPS ASEC; Author's Calculations |
| B/W poverty rates | 2.70 | 0.87 | [1.12, 4.97] | CPS ASEC; Author's Calculations |
| W/B homeownership rates | 1.93 | 0.53 | [1.35, 3.62] | CPS ASEC; Author's Calculations |
| W/B voting rates | 1.14 | 0.24 | [0.86, 1.90] | CPS Voting Supplement; Author's Calculations |
| B/W segregation | 57.57 | 8.28 | [42.00, 72.00] | America's Health Ranking |
| State-level structural racism (2019) | ||||
| Latent structural racism | 0.00 | 0.41 | [-0.51, 1.11] | |
| Covariates | ||||
| Logged total population (2019) | 15.61 | 0.82 | [13.79, 17.49] | ACS 1-year estimate |
| Percentage NHB (2019) | 15.53% | [4.59%, 38.58%] | CPS ASEC | |
| Gini (2019) | 0.47 | 0.02 | [0.44, 0.51] | ACS 1-year estimate |
| Percentage below the poverty line (2019) | 11.75% | [7.40%, 19.57%] | CPS ASEC | |
| Region | U.S. Census | |||
| Northeast | 16.22% | |||
| Midwest | 27.03% | |||
| South | 43.24% | |||
| West | 13.51% |