Table 2.

Direct effects of racial/ethnic discrimination, confidence in government and the health system to handle the pandemic, and COVID-19 vaccine refusal from the structural equation model (n = 633).

	Low confidence in the central UK government			Low confidence in the UK health system			COVID-19 vaccine refusal
	OR	95% CI	95% CI	OR	95% CI	95% CI	OR	95% CI	95% CI
Low confidence in the central UK government (ref high)	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.94	0.16	5.45
Low confidence in the UK health service (ref high)	–	–	–	–	–	–	7.51	2.05	27.43
Racial/ethnic discrimination	1.35	0.94	1.93	1.56	1.20	2.04	1.62	0.96	2.73
Model fit
Akaike's information criteria (AIC)	2701.58
Schwarz's Bayesian information  criteria (BIC)	2857.35
Log pseudolikelihood	–1315.79

Note: Bold indicates p < 0.05. Data were weighted to the proportions of gender, age, ethnicity, country and education obtained from the Office for National Statistics. Structural equation model adjusts for COVID-19 infection status, not being worried about catching or becoming seriously ill from COVID-19, gender, age, education level and the presence of a long-term physical health condition.