Table 2.
Resuscitative measures for the video recorded neonates (N = 57).
| N (%) / median (IQR) | min–max | |
|---|---|---|
| Stimulation, N = 57 | ||
| Total stimulation time (sec) | 26 (8–56) | 0–267 |
| Number of stimulation episodes | 11 (4–18) | 0–69 |
| Number of vigorous stimulation episodes a | 0 (0–1) | 0–13 |
| Suction, N = 57 | ||
| Total suction time (sec) | 24 (11–43) | 0–104 |
| Number of suction episodes | 1 (1–3) | 0–10 |
| Number of deep suction episodes b | 1 (0–3) | 0–8 |
| Number of suction episodes via the endotracheal tube | 0 (0–0) | 0–1 |
| Initiation of positive pressure ventilation (PPV), N = 57 | ||
| Time to initiation of PPV (sec)c | 30 (15–60) | 2–385 |
| Duration of PPV before first interruption (sec) | 9 (2–21) | 0–195 |
| Ventilation rate (breaths per minute) d | 72 (57–95) | 30–158 |
| Face mask ventilation (FMV, only), N = 33 | ||
| Total duration of FMV without pauses (sec) | 69 (40–111) | 8–228 |
| Total duration of FMV included pauses (sec) | 98 (49–247) | 8–538 |
| Endotracheal intubation (ETI), N = 24 | ||
| Duration of FMV prior to successful ETI, without pauses (sec) | 94 (68–141) | 0–404 |
| Duration of FMV prior to successful ETI, included pauses (sec) | 205 (117–344) | 0–805 |
| Surfactant administered | 1 (4) | - |
| Measuring exhaled CO2 | 0 (0) | - |
| Lung auscultation ≤ 15 seconds after tube placement | 3 (13) | - |
| Circulation, N = 57 | ||
| Heart auscultation within one minute c | 17 (30) | - |
| Adrenaline administered e | 1 (2) | - |
| Chest compressions administered f | 9 (6) | - |
| Chest compression rate (beats per minute) g | 276 (195–304) | 144–323 |
Stimulation of the back that was noticeably vigorous or stimulation to any other part of the neonate than the back.
Estimated > four centimeter depth, and include all suctions via the endotracheal tube.
Time is counted from arrival at the resuscitation table.
The mean of three representative rates during the first minute of PPV. The mean of two or one representative rate is used for four observations due to the short total ventilation time. One observation has no recorded rate due to the ventilation bag being held outside of the camera view.
Intracardiac injection.
Three observations in FMV group and six observations in ETI group.
The mean of three representative rates during the first minute of chest compressions. For one observation, the mean of two representative rates is used due to the short total chest compression time.