Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants (N=136)a.
| Variable | Women (n=87) | Men (n=49) | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 45.4 (14.5) | 47.2 (15.2) | |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 24.0 (3.9) | 26.8 (4.4) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | |||
|
|
Yes | 22 (25.3) | 9 (18.4) |
|
|
No | 65 (74.7) | 40 (81.6) |
| Chronic disease, n (%) | |||
|
|
Yes | 30 (34.5) | 12 (24.5) |
|
|
No | 56 (64.4) | 37 (75.5) |
| Level of education, n (%) | |||
|
|
Some high school completed | 1 (1.1) | 1 (2) |
|
|
High school diploma | 2 (2.3) | 2 (4.1) |
|
|
Vocational school | 1 (1.1) | 4 (8.2) |
|
|
Completed college | 18 (20.7) | 3 (6.1) |
|
|
Bachelor’s degree | 35 (40.2) | 18 (36.7) |
|
|
Graduate degree (ie, MSc, MA, or PhD) | 26 (29.9) | 18 (36.7) |
|
|
Professional degree (ie, MD) | 1 (1.1) | 3 (6.1) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
|
|
White | 74 (85.1) | 39 (79.6) |
|
|
Aboriginal (first nations) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (2) |
|
|
Asian | 7 (8) | 5 (10.2) |
|
|
Black | 0 (0) | 2 (4.1) |
|
|
Hispanic | 3 (3.4) | 2 (4.1) |
|
|
Multiethnic | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0) |
| Body weight satisfaction , n (%) | |||
|
|
Yes | 41 (47.1) | 33 (67.3) |
|
|
No | 38 (43.7) | 15 (30.6) |
|
|
I do not know or I prefer not to answer | 8 (9.1) | 1 (2) |
| Medication , n (%) | |||
|
|
Yes | 52 (59.8) | 25 (51) |
|
|
No | 35 (40.2) | 24 (49) |
| Taking vitamin or mineral supplement , n (%) | |||
|
|
Yes | 28 (32.2) | 20 (40.8) |
|
|
No | 59 (67.8) | 29 (59.2) |
| Special diets , n (%) | |||
|
|
None | 67 (77) | 41 (83.7) |
|
|
Vegetarian, vegan | 8 (9.2) | 3 (6.1) |
|
|
Intermittent fasting | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0) |
|
|
Gluten free | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0) |
|
|
Other (eg, Mediterranean or low carb) | 10 (21.7) | 5 (10.2) |
| Cooking responsibility , n (%) | |||
|
|
Myself | 78 (89.7) | 32 (65.3) |
|
|
Another family or household member | 7 (8) | 17 (34.7) |
| Grocery shopping responsibility , n (%) | |||
|
|
Myself | 76 (87.4) | 35 (71.4) |
|
|
Another family or household member | 9 (10.3) | 14 (28.6) |
| Self-reported physical activity level , n (%) | |||
|
|
Sedentary | 16 (18.4) | 7 (14.3) |
|
|
Low active | 34 (39.1) | 20 (40.8) |
|
|
Active | 35 (40.2) | 21 (42.9) |
|
|
Very active | 2 (2.3) | 1 (2) |
| Used diet tracking app before , n (%) | |||
|
|
Yes | 32 (36.8) | 17 (34.7) |
|
|
No | 55 (63.2) | 32 (65.3) |
aAll missing data not adding up to the total sample population are “I don’t know” or “I prefer not to answer.”