Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of PREPARE trial participants, categorized by poverty guideline thresholds
| Characteristic | Overall cohort | Poverty^ | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=990 | No (n=473) | Yes (n=517) | ||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, in years | 49 (13) | 49 (13) | 48 (13) | 0.284 |
| Female | 831 (83.9%) | 393 (83.1%) | 438 (84.7%) | 0.4846 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| H/L | 486 (49.1%) | 217 (45.9%) | 269 (52.0%) | 0.053 |
| AA/B | 504 (50.9%) | 256 (54.1%) | 248 (48.0%) | |
| Preferred language | ||||
| English | 785 (79.3%) | 407 (86.0%) | 378 (73.1%) | <0.001 |
| Spanish | 205 (20.7%) | 66 (14.0%) | 139 (26.9%) | |
| Clinical features | ||||
| BMI | ||||
| Overweight (25–29.9) | 207 (20.9%) | 105 (22.2%) | 102 (19.7%) | 0.457 |
| Obese (≥30) | 689 (69.6%) | 323 (68.3%) | 366 (70.8%) | |
| Medical comorbidities | ||||
| 0 | 276 (27.9%) | 154 (32.6%) | 122 (23.6%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 222 (22.4%) | 120 (25.4%) | 102 (19.7%) | |
| 2+ | 482 (48.6%) | 199 (42.1%) | 283 (54.7%) | |
| Smoking Status | ||||
| Current smoker | 75 (7.6%) | 30(6.3%) | 45(8.7%) | 0.079 |
| Former smoker | 239 (24.1%) | 104(22.0%) | 135(26.1%) | |
| Non-smoker | 676 (68.3%) | 339(71.7%) | 337(65.2%) | |
| Living in a smoking environment | 216 (21.8%) | 91 (19.2%) | 125 (24.2%) | 0.06 |
| PHQ-2# | 259 (26.2%) | 90 (19.0%) | 169 (32.7%) | <0.001 |
| SES domains | ||||
| Educational attainment | ||||
| High school or more | 850 (85.9%) | 448 (94.7%) | 402 (77.8%) | <0.001 |
| Less than high school | 140 (14.1%) | 25 (5.3%) | 115 (22.2%) | |
| Employment | ||||
| Employed | 416 (42.0%) | 280 (59.2%) | 136 (26.3%) | <0.001 |
| Not Employed | 574 (58.0%) | 293 (40.8%) | 381 (73.7%) | |
| SES mediators | ||||
| Inadequate Health Literacy* | 160 (16.2%) | 37 (7.8%) | 123 (23.8%) | <0.001 |
| High Stress** | 303 (30.6%) | 112 (23.7%) | 191 (36.9%) | <0.001 |
| High Discrimination*** | 297 (30.0%) | 141 (29.8%) | 156 (30.2%) | 0.901 |
Continuous variables are presented as means, (standard deviation); categorical variables are presented as counts, (proportions).
Participants whose household size-adjusted income is below the federal poverty threshold28 were considered to be living in poverty.
Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) screens for depression with a 2-week recall.
Total score ranges from 0–6, and scores of ≥3 suggest depression.53
Inadequate health literacy is based on participant responses to the Brief Health Literacy Scale.32
High stress was defined as having a score in the cohort’s top quintile of the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale.31
High discrimination was defined as having a score in the cohort’s top quintile in the Everyday Discrimination Scale.33 Significant values are bolded. AA/B: African-American/Black; BMI: body mass index; H/L: Hispanic/Latinx.