Table 2.

Differences in emotional reactions to someone with schizophrenia or depression 1990–2020.

		Estimates			Test statistics
Emotional reaction	Parameter	b	SE (robust)	[95% CI]	t	p
Fear	Vignette (1990)	0.25	0.06	0.14, 0.36	4.40	<0.001***
	2020*vignette	0.27	0.08	0.12, 0.42	3.43	0.002**
Uneasiness	Vignette (1990)	0.15	0.06	0.04, 0.27	2.74	0.010*
	2020*vignette	0.49	0.08	0.34, 0.64	6.37	<0.001***
Insecurity	Vignette (1990)	0.23	0.06	0.12, 0.34	4.16	<0.001***
	2020*vignette	0.20	0.08	0.05, 0.34	2.59	0.019*
Anger	Vignette (1990)	0.16	0.04	0.07, 0.24	3.56	<0.001***
	2020*vignette	0.03	0.06	−0.09, 0.14	0.42	0.675
Amusement	Vignette (1990)	0.06	0.04	−0.01, 0.14	1.75	0.089
	2020*vignette	0.07	0.05	−0.03, 0.16	1.34	0.224
Irritation	Vignette (1990)	0.16	0.05	0.07, 0.25	3.35	0.002**
	2020*vignette	0.16	0.06	0.03, 0.29	2.46	0.023*
Sympathy	Vignette (1990)	−0.11	0.05	−0.21, −0.01	−2.26	0.030*
	2020*vignette	−0.26	0.07	−0.39, −0.12	−3.78	<0.001***
Compassion	Vignette (1990)	−0.06	0.05	−0.15, 0.04	−1.17	0.244
	2020*vignette	0.06	0.07	−0.07, 0.18	0.86	0.433
Desire to help	Vignette (1990)	0.11	0.05	0.02, 0.21	2.36	0.026*
	2020*vignette	−0.31	0.07	−0.44, −0.18	−4.68	<0.001***
Lack of understanding	Vignette (1990)	0.25	0.05	0.14, 0.36	4.64	<0.001***
	2020*vignette	0.12	0.07	−0.02, 0.26	1.70	0.128

Note: Results of multiple regression analyses of the items of the emotional reactions toward Mental Illness Scale, with period, vignette, interaction of period*vignette, age, and gender of vignette or respondents as predictors (n = 10,367–10,383). We show selected estimates (the initial gap between schizophrenia and depression in 1990, and the increase of this gap until 2020) with p-values corrected for separate testing of items using the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure to control the false discovery rate at q = 0.05. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; SE, standard error.