Table 2.

Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scores for cross-sectional studies.

Study	Participants and setting described in detail,including similarity of controls	Criteria for inclusion clearly defined and exposures similarly measured	Exposure measured invalid and reliable way	Objective, standard criteria used for measurement of condition	Confounding factors identified	Strategies to deal with confounding factors stated	Outcomes measured invalid and reliable way	Appropriatestatistical analysis used?
Mazgelytė et al. (46) (Lithuania)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Lehrer et al. (47) (USA)	+	+	+	−	+	+	+	+
Martins et al. (48) (Brazil)	+	−	+	+	−	−	+	+
Udenze et al. (49) (Nigeria)	+	+	+	+	−	−	+	+
Damgaard-Olesen et al. (50) (Denmark)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Constantinopoulos et al. (51) (Greece)	+	+	+	+	−	−	+	+
Corbalán-Tutau et al. (52) (Spain)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Almadi et al. (53) (Australia)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Fabre et al. (54) (Argentina)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Mattei et al. (55) (USA)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Jang et al. (56) (Korea)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Baudrand et al. (57) (Chile)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Esteghamati et al. (58) (Iran)	+	+	+	+	−	−	+	+
Park etal. (59) (Korea)	+	+	+	+	−	−	+	+
Austin-Ketch et al. (60) (USA)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Bengtsson et al. (61) (Sweden)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Chen et al. (62) (Taiwan)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Phillips et al. (63) (United Kingdom)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+