Table1.
Summary of clinical trials of nanoparticles based strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors
| Name | Vehicle | Cargo | Brain tumor | Objective | Status of Clinical trial | Delivery target and ligand |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caelyx [24, 25] (liposomal doxorubicin) | Liposome | Doxorubicin | Recurrent malignant glioma | Chemotherapy | Marketed (off-label employment) | Passive targeting (EPR) |
| Ferumoxytol [26] | Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide | / | Recurrent and progressed malignant glioma | MRI imaging | Phase I | EPR |
| Nab paclitaxel (Abraxane) [27] | Albumin nanoparticles | Paclitaxel | Breast cancer, brain metastasis of breast cancer | Chemotherapy | Marketed (off-label employment) | EPR |
| AGuIX [28] | Gadolinium-based nanoparticle | / | Multiple brain metastases | Radiosensitizer Imaging enhance | Phase II | EPR |
| MTX110 [29] | Gold nanoparticle | Panobinostat | Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma | Antineoplastic activity | Phase II | Interventional (Convection-Enhanced Delivery) |
| CPT-11 [30] | Liposome | Irinotecan | Recurrent High-Grade Gliomas | Chemotherapy | Phase I | EPR |
| SGT-53 [31] | Cationic liposome | p53 cDNA | Recurrent Glioblastoma | Gene therapy | Phase II | Transferrin receptor; anti-transferrin receptor single chain antibody fragment |
| EGFR(V)-EDV-Dox [32] | Nanocells | Doxorubicin | Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme | Chemotherapy | Phase I | Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); bispecific antibodies |
| 2B3-101 [33] | Liposome | Doxorubicin | Breast Cancer and Leptomeningeal Metastases | Chemotherapy | Phase II | GSH transport; Glutathione |