Bonomini 2006.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study characteristics Study design: parallel RCT Study duration: not reported Study follow‐up: 24 weeks
Participants	Baseline characteristics Country: Italy Setting: dialysis centres (52 sites) Inclusion criteria: HD patients with left ventricular hypertrophy Number randomised (intervention 1/intervention 2/control): 106/117/107 Dialysis modality: HD Mean age ± SD (years): not reported Sex (M/F): not reported Dialysis duration: not reported Exclusion criteria: unclear
Interventions	Intervention group 1 L‐carnitine (IV): 3 mg/kg at each dialysis session for 24 weeks Intervention group 2 L‐carnitine (IV): 6 mg/kg at each dialysis session for 24 weeks Control group Placebo
Outcomes	Outcomes relevant to this review Fatigue score: fatigue domain of KDQ Other domains of the KDQ including frustration, depression, relationship, and total score
Notes	Other information Abstract‐only publication Funding source: Grant/Research Support: Sigma‐Tau S.p.A.; Other: One of the authors is an employee of Sigma‐Tau S.p.A.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Study was described as randomised; method of randomisation was not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)	Low risk	Quote: "double‐blind placebo‐controlled" study
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) QoL	Low risk	Quote: "double‐blind placebo‐controlled" study
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Fatigue score	Low risk	Quote: "double‐blind placebo‐controlled" study
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) QoL	Unclear risk	Quote: "Thirty‐one patients dropped out, mainly due to kidney transplantation (N=13) or informed consent withdrawal (N=10)." Insufficient information to permit judgement
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) Fatigue score	Unclear risk	Quote: "Thirty‐one patients dropped out, mainly due to kidney transplantation (N=13) or informed consent withdrawal (N=10)." Insufficient information to permit judgement
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Other bias	High risk	Funding source: Grant/Research Support: Sigma‐Tau S.p.A.; Other: Sigma‐Tau S.p.A.; R. Camerini is an employee of Sigma‐Tau S.p.A.