Signorelli 2006.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study characteristics Study design: parallel RCT Study duration: not reported Study follow‐up: 12 months
Participants	Baseline characteristics Country: Italy Setting: university hospital (1 site) Inclusion criteria: HD; clinical diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease at the 2nd stage according to the Leriche‐Fontaine classification; ankle/brachial index ≤ 0.9 Randomised number (intervention/control): 32/32 Dialysis modality: HD Mean age ± SD (years): intervention group (66.7 ± 6.6); control group (66 ± 2.7) Sex: not reported Dialysis duration: not reported Exclusion criteria: coronary ischaemic disease; congestive heart failure; active hepatic disease; active inflammatory disease; arterial hypertension
Interventions	Intervention group L‐carnitine (IV): 600 mg at each dialysis session for 12 months Control group Placebo
Outcomes	Outcomes relevant to this review Adverse events Death: any cause, cardiovascular
Notes	Funding source: not reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Study was described as randomised; method of randomisation was not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)	Low risk	Quote: "double‐blind placebo‐controlled" study
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Adverse events	Low risk	Quote: "double‐blind placebo‐controlled" study
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Death	Low risk	Quote: "double‐blind placebo‐controlled" study
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) Adverse events	Low risk	All patient outcome data reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) Death	Low risk	All patient outcome data reported
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	The study protocol is not available
Other bias	Unclear risk	Funding source: the authors have provided no information on sources of funding