Table 1. Characteristics of the participants from Luzhou City, China n(%)/Mean±SD.
| Characteristics | n(%)/Mean±SD SDSD(SD) | Characteristics | n(%)/Mean±SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enrolled school | Externalizing behavior* | ||
| Public | 4,882(81.22) | Yes | 3,953(67.49) |
| Private | 1,129(18.78) | No | 1,904(32.51) |
| District | Sufficient sleeping time* | ||
| Jiangyang | 3,455(33.44) | Yes | 3,432(57.63) |
| Longmatan | 4,016(38.87) | No | 2,523(42.37) |
| Naxi | 2,860(27.69) | Father’s education level* | |
| Gender | College and above | 1,657(32.73) | |
| Male | 3,109(51.75) | High school | 1,560(30.82) |
| Female | 2,818(46.90) | Middle school | 1,254(24.77) |
| Grade | Primary school or below | 591(11.68) | |
| 3 | 1,806(30.04) | Mother’s education level* | |
| 4 | 2,108(35.07) | College and above | 1,549(30.38) |
| 5 | 2,097(34.89) | High school | 1,579(30.97) |
| Character | Middle school | 1,247(24.46) | |
| Quiet | 826(13.74) | Primary school or below | 724(14.20) |
| General | 2,216(36.87) | Parents as the main family educator * | |
| Outgoing | 2,908(48.38) | Yes | 4,780(81.09) |
| Number of good friends | No | 1,115(18.91) | |
| ≤1 | 359(5.97) | Parents quarreled in front of children* | |
| ≥2 | 5,597(93.11) | Yes | 1,751(29.57) |
| Class cadre member | No | 4,171(70.43) | |
| Yes | 2,145(36.08) | Divorced parents* | |
| No | 3,800(63.92) | Yes | 731(12.19) |
| Academic performance | No | 5,264(87.81) | |
| Above average | 1,974(32.85) | Form of education* | |
| Average | 3,369(56.06) | Punishment | 963(16.51) |
| Below average | 615(10.23) | Both | 1,564(26.81) |
| Relationship between siblings | Encouragement | 3,306(56.68) | |
| Good | 3,629(88.77) | Psychological resilience | |
| General | 359(8.78) | High | 2,277(37.88) |
| Poor | 100(2.45) | Middle | 1,982(32.97) |
| Age | 9.53±0.97 | Low | 1,752(29.15) |
| Recognition score | 40.00±8.09 | Psychological resilience | 40.00±8.09 |