Table 2.

Hyperparameters of architectures for Covid-19 detection.

Model	Data augmentation	Software	Input size	Optimizer	Learning rate	Batch size
DenseNet	No	Keras, TensorFlow	224 × 224	Adam	0.0001	32
AlexNet	No	Keras, TensorFlow	224 × 224	Adam	0.0001	32
ResNet	No	Keras, TensorFlow	224 × 224	Adam	0.0001	32
CspNet [98]	No	Keras, TensorFlow	224 × 224	Adam	0.0001	32
VGG16	No	Keras, TensorFlow	224 × 224	Adam	0.0001	32
VGG19	No	Keras, TensorFlow	224 × 224	Adam	0.0001	32
CovXNet [42]	Yes	Keras, TensorFlow	128 × 128	Adam	0.001	16
CoroNet [40]	Yes	Keras, TensorFlow	150 × 150	Adam	0.0001	10
CovidXrayNet [41]	Yes	Fastai, PyTorch	256 × 256	Adam	–	32
DarkCovidNet [39]	No	Fastai, PyTorch	256 × 256	Adam	0.003	32
Proposed (No DDC)	No	Keras, TensorFlow	128 × 128	Adam	0.001	32
Proposed	No	Keras, TensorFlow	128 × 128	Adam	0.001	32