Fig. 2.


Effects of emodin and radiation on apoptosis in GBM cells. (A) LN18 and LN428 cells were exposed to emodin (25 μM) and/or γ-ray (6 Gy) or neutron (6 GyE) radiation for 48 h for Annexin V staining. Values represent means of three experiments ± SD; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. (B) Analysis of cell death in two GBM cell lines 72 h after treatment with emodin using a cell death detection kit; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. (C) LN18 and LN428 cell was treated with γ-ray (6 Gy) or neutron (6 GyE) and/or emodin for 24 h. Cell cycle distribution (subG1) was analyzed quantitatively by flow cytometry; *P < 0.05. (D) TUNEL staining of LN18 and LN428 cells with and without neutron beam (6 GyE) or with and without emodin treatment. Values represent means of three experiments ± SD; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.