Table 2.
Microbiota significantly associated with depressive symptoms
| Taxon | Rotterdam Study (N = 1054) | HELIUS (N = 1539) | Meta-analysis | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta | Se | p | fdr | Beta | Se | P-value | N | Zscore | P-value | |
| family.Christensenellaceae.id.1866 | −0.59 | 0.12 | 4.56E–07 | 8.04E–05 | −0.10 | 0.06 | 1.32E–01 | 2593 | −1.88 | 5.96E–02 |
| genus.ChristensenellaceaeR7group.id.11283 | −0.55 | 0.11 | 3.31E–07 | 8.04E–05 | −0.10 | 0.06 | 1.30E–01 | 2593 | −4.42 | 9.80E–06 |
| genus.RuminococcaceaeUCG005.id.11363 | −0.59 | 0.13 | 1.36E–05 | 1.57E–03 | −0.12 | 0.07 | 7.62E–02 | 2593 | −4.14 | 3.48E–05 |
| genus.RuminococcaceaeUCG010.id.11367 | −0.50 | 0.12 | 1.77E–05 | 1.57E–03 | −0.07 | 0.06 | 2.08E–01 | 2593 | −3.71 | 2.11E–04 |
| family.Ruminococcaceae.id.2050 | −1.59 | 0.38 | 2.51E–05 | 1.77E–03 | −0.52 | 0.24 | 3.11E–02 | 2593 | −4.35 | 1.38E–05 |
| genus.Coprococcus2.id.11302 | −0.29 | 0.08 | 2.74E–04 | 1.03E–02 | −0.02 | 0.04 | 5.79E–01 | 2593 | −2.75 | 6.02E–03 |
| genus.FamilyXIIIAD3011group.id.11293 | −0.74 | 0.20 | 2.56E–04 | 1.03E–02 | −0.06 | 0.10 | 5.78E–01 | 2593 | −2.76 | 5.78E–03 |
| genus.Lachnoclostridium.id.11308 | 0.57 | 0.16 | 3.11E–04 | 1.03E–02 | 0.27 | 0.11 | 1.80E–02 | 2593 | 4.12 | 3.76E–05 |
| genus.RuminococcaceaeUCG002.id.11360 | −0.42 | 0.12 | 3.21E–04 | 1.03E–02 | −0.16 | 0.07 | 2.33E–02 | 2593 | −4.04 | 5.30E–05 |
| genus.RuminococcaceaeUCG003.id.11361 | −0.51 | 0.15 | 4.60E–04 | 1.33E–02 | −0.25 | 0.08 | 3.10E–03 | 2593 | −4.51 | 6.42E–06 |
| class.Mollicutes.id.3920 | −0.39 | 0.12 | 8.63E–04 | 1.38E–02 | −0.01 | 0.05 | 8.04E–01 | 2593 | −2.32 | 2.06E–02 |
| genus.Eggerthella.id.819 | 0.65 | 0.19 | 6.28E–04 | 1.38E–02 | 0.31 | 0.12 | 1.18E–02 | 2593 | 4.12 | 3.80E–05 |
| genus.Hungatella.id.11306 | 0.77 | 0.22 | 6.73E–04 | 1.38E–02 | 0.34 | 0.14 | 1.34E–02 | 2593 | 4.07 | 4.65E–05 |
| genus.Ruminiclostridium6.id.11356 | −0.36 | 0.11 | 6.23E–04 | 1.38E–02 | −0.01 | 0.05 | 9.06E–01 | 2593 | −2.27 | 2.31E–02 |
| genus.RuminococcaceaeUCG014.id.11371 | −0.29 | 0.08 | 5.70E–04 | 1.38E–02 | −0.05 | 0.05 | 3.16E–01 | 2593 | −2.97 | 2.99E–03 |
| order.MollicutesRF9.id.11579 | −0.40 | 0.12 | 8.28E–04 | 1.38E–02 | 0.00 | 0.05 | 9.55E–01 | 2593 | −2.18 | 2.96E–02 |
| phylum.Tenericutes.id.3919 | −0.39 | 0.12 | 8.63E–04 | 1.38E–02 | −0.01 | 0.05 | 8.04E–01 | 2593 | −2.32 | 2.06E–02 |
| genus.Coprococcus3.id.11303 | −0.43 | 0.13 | 9.09E–04 | 1.39E–02 | −0.29 | 0.09 | 1.20E–03 | 2593 | −4.61 | 4.04E–06 |
| genus.LachnospiraceaeUCG001.id.11321 | −0.52 | 0.16 | 1.01E–03 | 1.48E–02 | −0.16 | 0.07 | 2.34E–02 | 2593 | −3.84 | 1.21E–04 |
| family.Micrococcaceae.id.636 | 1.53 | 0.47 | 1.26E–03 | 1.71E–02 | −0.14 | 0.16 | 3.75E–01 | 2593 | 2.92 | 3.55E–03 |
| genus..Ruminococcusgauvreauiigroup.id.11342 | −0.34 | 0.11 | 1.54E–03 | 2.01E–02 | −0.13 | 0.07 | 4.90E–02 | 2593 | −3.54 | 4.06E–04 |
| genus..Eubacteriumventriosumgroup.id.11341 | −0.49 | 0.16 | 2.09E–03 | 2.47E–02 | −0.17 | 0.08 | 4.20E–02 | 2593 | −3.53 | 4.19E–04 |
| genus.Sellimonas.id.14369 | 0.57 | 0.18 | 2.10E–03 | 2.47E–02 | 0.54 | 0.13 | 3.55E–05 | 2593 | 5.15 | 2.65E–07 |
| genus.Rothia.id.646 | 1.47 | 0.48 | 2.21E–03 | 2.52E–02 | 0.32 | 0.23 | 1.66E–01 | 2593 | 3.02 | 2.55E–03 |
| order.Micrococcales.id.510 | 1.41 | 0.47 | 2.58E–03 | 2.84E–02 | −0.21 | 0.15 | 1.68E–01 | 2593 | 2.96 | 3.09E–03 |
| genus.LachnospiraceaeNK4A136group.id.11319 | −0.41 | 0.14 | 2.80E–03 | 2.99E–02 | −0.08 | 0.08 | 3.48E–01 | 2593 | −2.63 | 8.56E–03 |
| genus.Subdoligranulum.id.2070 | −0.44 | 0.15 | 3.36E–03 | 3.48E–02 | −0.28 | 0.09 | 1.66E–03 | 2593 | −4.29 | 1.77E–05 |
| genus.RuminococcaceaeNK4A214group.id.11358 | −0.34 | 0.12 | 4.66E–03 | 4.70E–02 | −0.04 | 0.06 | 5.73E–01 | 2593 | −2.24 | 2.52E–02 |
| genus.PrevotellaceaeUCG001.id.11186 | −0.49 | 0.17 | 4.80E–03 | 4.71E–02 | −0.02 | 0.08 | 8.38E–01 | 2593 | −1.96 | 5.06E–02 |
Significantly associated taxa with depressive symptom levels in both Rotterdam Study (N = 1,054) and HELIUS (N = 1,539) cohorts. Linear regression models were used adjusting for several life-style confounders (such as smoking and alcohol use) and medical confounders (such as PPI, metformin). The taxa at genus level are in italic face and taxa that remain significant in both discovery and replication cohort and after the meta-analysis are highlighted in bold face. The taxa Data for the regression analysis of the Rotterdam Study are provided as a Source Data file.