Table 2.

The incidences of recurrent biliary obstruction and its causes.

	HFS (n = 36)	WPS (n = 20)	WFS (n = 26)a	p-value
Recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO)
Total	8 (22.2)	10 (50.0)	13 (50.0)	0.033 (HFS vs. WPS) 0.023 (HFS vs. WFS)
Sludge accumulation	1 (2.8)	6 (30.0)	3 (11.5)	0.003 (HFS vs. WPS) 0.166 (HFS vs. WFS)
Food impaction	2 (5.6)	0 (0)	2 (7.7)	0.471
Hemobilia	0 (0)	1 (5.0)	0 (0)	0.208
Tumor overgrowth	2 (5.6)	0 (0)	3 (11.5)	0.264
Tumor ingrowth /mucosal hyperplasia	0 (0)	2 (10.0)	0 (0)	0.053 (HFS vs. WPS)
Stent migration	3 (8.3)	1 (5.0)	5 (19.2)	0.246
Removal of SEMS	8 (22.2)	2 (10.0)	7 (25.0)	0.411

Data are presented as median (range) or number (proportion).

SEMS Self-expandable metal stent, HFS HILZO fully covered stent, WPS WALLFLEX biliary RX partially covered stent, WFS WALLFLEX biliary RX fully covered stent.

^aTwo patients in which SEMS was removed due to complications other than RBO were excluded.