Table 1.

Classification of 2D materials

2D materials	Typical representative	Structure	Applications	Refs.
Xenes	Graphene		Lithium storage	[53]
	Borophene		HER	[54, 55]
	Phosphorene		Semiconductors	[16, 17]
	Silicene		Semiconductors	[14, 15]
	Germanene		Phototransistors	[56, 57]
	Stanene		Spintronics	[58]
TMDs	MoS2		Semiconductors	[59]
TM Oxides	V2O5		Lithium storage	[60]
TM Nitrides	Ti3C2		Supercapacitor	[41–45]
TM Phosphides	Ni2P		HER	[61, 62]
Halides	CH3NH3PbX3		Semiconductors	[63]