FIGURE 6.

MDP reduces intestinal barrier damage and activates autophagy in vitro. (A) Schematic diagram of the administration of MDP (0, 1, 5, 10 μg/ml, respectively) in Caco-2 cells. (B) Western blotting analysis for NOD2, LC3 І, and LC3 ІІ with GAPDH as the internal standard protein in Caco-2 cells. Representative images of the immune blotting were shown. (C,D) Quantification of the relative expression of NOD2 and LC3 ІІ in panel (B) by ImageJ, respectively. Results were from three independent experiments. (E) Cytotoxicity of Caco-2 cells with the administration of with LPS (0, 1, 10, 100 μg/mL, respectively) for 24 h by testing LDH OD value. (F) Relative RNA levels of IL-1β of Caco-2 cells with the administration of LPS. (G) Western blotting analysis for ZO-1, p62, and LC3 ІІ with GAPDH as the internal standard protein in Caco-2 cells of the groups (Control, MDP, LPS, and LPS + MDP), respectively. Representative images of three duplicate samples of the immune blotting were shown. (H–J) Quantification of the relative expression of ZO-1, p62, and LC3 ІІ in panel (G) by ImageJ, respectively. (K) Cytotoxicity of Caco-2 cells of the groups (Control, MDP, LPS, and LPS + MDP) by testing LDH OD value. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. *p <0.05, **p <0.01, ns, not significant, One-way ANOVA.