Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts.
| Characteristic | Training Cohort | Validation Cohort | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 158 | 68 | |
| Age, median (IQR) | 61 (53.25, 69) | 60.5 (54, 67.25) | 0.992 |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.519 | ||
| Male | 113 (71.5%) | 45 (66.2%) | |
| Female | 45 (28.5%) | 23 (33.8%) | |
| BMI, mean ± SD | 24.08 ± 3.11 | 24.23 ± 3.06 | 0.736 |
| Interval, median (IQR) | 10 (9, 11) | 10 (8, 11) | 0.143 |
| DTAV, median (IQR) | 5.55 (4, 7) | 6.75 (5, 8.2) | 0.024 |
| Tumor size, median (IQR) | 5 (4, 6) | 5 (4.5, 5.8) | 0.786 |
| Histology, n (%) | 1.000 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 141 (89.2%) | 61 (89.7%) | |
| Mucinous | 17 (10.8%) | 7 (10.3%) | |
| cT stage, n (%) | 0.252 | ||
| cT2 | 9 (5.7%) | 2 (2.9%) | |
| cT3 | 125 (79.1%) | 50 (73.5%) | |
| cT4 | 24 (15.2%) | 16 (23.5%) | |
| cN status, n (%) | 1.000 | ||
| Negative | 39 (24.7%) | 17 (25%) | |
| Positive | 119 (75.3%) | 51 (75%) | |
| Grade, n (%) | 0.573 | ||
| poor differentiation | 17 (10.8%) | 9 (13.2%) | |
| moderate differentiation | 130 (82.3%) | 52 (76.5%) | |
| well differentiation | 11 (7%) | 7 (10.3%) | |
| TGR, n (%) | 0.477 | ||
| Non-pCR | 129 (81.6%) | 52 (76.5%) | |
| pCR | 29 (18.4%) | 16 (23.5%) | |
| CEA, median (IQR) | 2.64 (1.87, 4.45) | 2.56 (1.75, 3.8) | 0.199 |
| CA199, median (IQR) | 11.96 (6.95, 17.86) | 10.23 (8.13, 16.64) | 0.649 |
| NLR, median (IQR) | 4.19 (3.02, 5.31) | 4.21 (3.54, 5.96) | 0.271 |
| LMR, median (IQR) | 2.09 (1.55, 2.79) | 2.08 (1.63, 2.55) | 0.479 |
| PLR, median (IQR) | 259.36 (200.42, 321.3) | 281.85 (191.66, 328.16) | 0.363 |
| SII, median (IQR) | 773.53 (564.76, 1071.68) | 795.55 (587.9, 1210.87) | 0.419 |
| FARI, median (IQR) | 7.46 (6.63, 8.77) | 7.62 (6.88, 9.24) | 0.284 |
| PNI, mean ± SD | 45.66 ± 4.31 | 44.46 ± 3.59 | 0.033 |
| SGR, mean ± SD | 5.43 ± 0.78 | 5.27 ± 0.73 | 0.156 |
IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation; DTAV, distance to anal verge; TRG, tumor regression grade; pCR, pathological complete response; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; LMR, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio; PLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; SII, systemic immune–inflammation index; FARI, fibrinogen–to-albumin ratio index; PNI, prognostic nutritional index; SGR, sodium-to-globulin ratio.
P-values were calculated by Student’s t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, Chi-square test or Fisher exact test.