Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for all individuals and by Lp(a) percentile category.
| Variables | All individuals | Lp (a) Percentiles | P for trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [0, 25] | [25, 50) | [50, 75) | [75, 90) | [90, 95) | [95, 100] | |||
| N | 25343 (100) | 6327 (25.0) | 6336 (25.0) | 6343 (25.0) | 3800 (15.0) | 1267 (5.0) | 1268 (5.0) | |
| Lp (a), mg/dl | 18.85 ± 20.47 | 3.53 ± 1.40 | 8.68 ± 1.73 | 16.90 ± 3.36 | 31.76 ± 5.57 | 50.77 ± 4.83 | 85.32 ± 23.24 | <0.001 |
| Scr, μmol/l | 64.27 ± 16.37 | 62.83 ± 13.96 | 64.05 ± 14.21 | 65.09 ± 14.67 | 65.05 ± 14.45 | 65.76 ± 14.79 | 64.59 ± 14.42 | <0.001 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 105.09 ± 32.17 | 107.70 ± 16.24 | 105.15 ± 16.11 | 104.09 ± 16.39 | 103.78 ± 16.49 | 103.47 ± 16.13 | 102.41 ± 16.57 | <0.001 |
| eGFR under 90, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 4012 (15.8) | 776 (12.3) | 970 (15.3) | 1093 (17.3) | 688 (18.1) | 226 (17.8) | 259 (20.4) | <0.001 |
| eGFR under 60, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 152(0.6) | 23 (0.4) | 29 (0.5) | 51 (0.8) | 24 (0.6) | 11 (0.9) | 14 (1.1) | 0.001 |
| BUN, mmol/l | 5.05 ± 1.67 | 5.00 ± 1.61 | 5.07 ± 2.07 | 5.07 ± 1.41 | 5.05 ± 1.39 | 5.05 ± 1.47 | 5.21 ± 1.81 | 0.004 |
| UA, umol/l | 321.90 ± 90.75 | 321.38 ± 90.98 | 321.62 ± 91.69 | 323.19 ± 91.01 | 322.55 ± 89.20 | 324.07 ± 89.14 | 315.48 ± 89.71 | 0.9016 |
| CRPHS, mg/l | 1.91 ± 2.69 | 1.79 ± 2.40 | 1.90 ± 2.72 | 1.99 ± 2.86 | 1.91 ± 2.73 | 1.95 ± 2.80 | 2.00 ± 2.80 | 0.154 |
| Age, years | 50.69 ± 14.44 | 50.11 ± 13.84 | 50.75 (14.39) | 50.72 ± 14.61 | 51.11 ± 14.86 | 50.56 ± 14.77 | 51.90 ± 15.05 | <0.001 |
| Female sex | 13774 (54.4) | 3255 (51.4) | 3472 (54.8) | 3468 (54.7) | 2099 (55.2) | 696 (54.9) | 784 (61.9) | <0.001 |
| Area, urban | 19962 (78.8) | 4639 (73.4) | 5003 (79.0) | 5107 (80.5) | 3100 (81.5) | 1060 (83.6) | 1053 (83.1) | <0.001 |
| Education | ||||||||
| primary | 2838 (11.2) | 767 (12.1) | 759 (12.0) | 695 (11.0) | 384 (10.1) | 105 (8.3) | 128 (10.1) | <0.001 |
| secondary | 7953 (31.4) | 2267 (35.8) | 2043 (32.2) | 1822 (28.7) | 1108 (29.1) | 354 (27.9) | 359 (28.3) | |
| senior | 6042 (23.8) | 1612 (25.5) | 1504 (23.7) | 1502 (23.7) | 877 (23.1) | 282 (22.3) | 265 (20.9) | |
| undergraduate | 8510 (33.6) | 1681 (26.6) | 2030 (32.0) | 2324 (36.6) | 1433 (37.7) | 526 (41.5) | 516 (40.7) | |
| Physical activity | ||||||||
| Low | 18883 (74.5) | 4771 (75.4) | 4643 (73.3) | 4710 (74.3) | 2829 (74.4) | 977 (77.1) | 953 (75.2) | 0.136 |
| Intermediate | 5541 (21.9) | 1294 (20.5) | 1460 (23.0) | 1421 (22.4) | 836 (22.0) | 255 (20.1) | 275 (21.7) | |
| High | 919 (3.6) | 262 (4.1) | 233 (3.7) | 212 (3.3) | 137 (3.6) | 36 (2.8) | 39 (3.1) | |
| Exercise | ||||||||
| 5-7 d/w | 11455 (45.2) | 2750 (43.5) | 2897 (45.7) | 2908 (45.8) | 1702 (44.8) | 596 (47.0) | 602 (47.5) | <0.001 |
| 1-4 d/w | 8512 (33.6) | 2036 (32.2) | 2121 (33.5) | 2133 (33.6) | 1345 (35.4) | 422 (33.3) | 454 (35.9) | |
| <1 d/w | 5376 (21.2) | 1541 (24.4) | 1318 (20.8) | 1302 (20.5) | 755 (19.9) | 250 (19.7) | 210 (16.6) | |
| Current smoking | 6038 (23.8) | 1753 (27.7) | 1492 (23.6) | 1484 (23.4) | 822 (21.6) | 281 (22.2) | 206 (16.3) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol taking | 9268 (36.6) | 2535 (40.1) | 2253 (35.6) | 2296 (36.2) | 1329 (35.0) | 453 (35.8) | 402 (31.7) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.36 ± 3.64 | 25.69 ± 3.67 | 25.42 ± 3.58 | 25.19 ± 3.53 | 25.14 ± 3.52 | 24.92 ± 3.42 | 24.80 ± 3.36 | <0.001 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 5.84 ± 1.61 | 5.86 ± 1.76 | 5.80 ± 1.51 | 5.83 ± 1.58 | 5.85 ± 1.60 | 5.86 ± 1.53 | 5.92 ± 1.67 | <0.001 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.60 ± 1.07 | 1.81 ± 1.36 | 1.61 ± 1.02 | 1.51 ± 0.92 | 1.47 ± 0.89 | 1.48 ± 0.95 | 1.49 ± 0.84 | <0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.12 ± 1.04 | 4.93 ± 1.03 | 5.07 ± 1.01 | 5.17 ± 1.03 | 5.24 ± 1.04 | 5.28 ± 1.03 | 5.49 ± 1.06 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.36 ± 0.36 | 1.31 ± 0.37 | 1.35 ± 0.35 | 1.38 ± 0.35 | 1.39 ± 0.35 | 1.41 ± 0.35 | 1.44 ± 0.37 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.02 ± 0.86 | 2.81 ± 0.87 | 3.00 ± 0.82 | 3.09 ± 0.85 | 3.15 ± 0.85 | 3.18 ± 0.85 | 3.34 ± 0.88 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 6978 (27.5) | 1927 (30.5) | 1715 (27.1) | 1686 (26.6) | 1002 (26.4) | 314 (24.8) | 334 (26.4) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2725 (10.8) | 787 (12.4) | 669 (10.6) | 642 (10.1) | 372 (9.8) | 122 (9.6) | 133 (10.5) | 0.003 |
| CVD (CHD+Stroke) | 1949(7.7) | 483 (7.6) | 457 (7.2) | 494 (7.8) | 285 (7.5) | 108 (8.5) | 122 (9.6) | <0.001 |
Data are n (%) for categorical variables or mean ± SD for continuous variables.
Scr, serum creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; UA, uric acid; CRPSH, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting blood plasma glucose; TG, Triglycerides; TC, Total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CHD, coronary heart disease.