Table 3.
Predictors of Receiving an Antibiotic for Acute Respiratory Infections Assessed Using Unadjusted (Single-Predictor) and Adjusted (Multipredictor) Logistic Regression Analysis a
| Predictor | Univariable OR (95% CI) | P Value | Multivariable OR (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | ||||
| Age, y | 1.0 (.99–1.00) | .82 | Not included | |
| Sex, male | 1.05 (.98–1.13) | .12 | Not included | |
| Repeated visit b | 0.96 (.81–1.13) | .62 | Not included | |
| Provider characteristics | ||||
| Physician (vs advanced practice practitioner) | 1.57 (1.46–1.69) | <.001 | 1.31 (1.21–1.42) | <.001 |
| Sex, male | 1.38 (1.29–1.48) | <.001 | Not included | |
| Years since training graduation | 1.03 (1.03–1.04) | <.001 | 1.03 (1.02–1.03) | <.001 |
| High antibiotic prescriber c | 2.91 (2.70–3.14) | <.001 | Not included | |
Note. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
a
The final multivariable model was determined using backward model selection with a 0.20 threshold for inclusion.
b
Repeated visit was defined as a visit for an acute respiratory complaint within 2 weeks of initial visit.
c
High antibiotic prescriber was defined as being in the top quartile of antibiotic prescribers. It was included as a reference in the univariate analysis, but not in the multivariable analysis, as it was associated with the other predictors.