Table 2.
Associations of secretory solute clearance with eGFR decline
| Solute | Median (IQR) clearance (ml/min) |
Model 1 |
Model 2 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls | Cases | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Cinnamoylglycine | 151.8 (94.9–309.0) | 170.7 (95.5–289.2) | 0.89 (0.72, 1.10) | 0.29 | 0.88 (0.71, 1.09) | 0.25 |
| Isovalerylglycine | 715.8 (521.5–1221.0) | 632.5 (445.0–997.3) | 1.69 (1.14, 2.52) | 0.0091b | 1.91 (1.23, 2.96) | 0.0038b |
| Kynurenic acid | 403.4 (273.7–588.3) | 324.3 (243.1–456.9) | 1.93 (1.18, 3.16) | 0.0086b | 2.26 (1.33, 3.87) | 0.0028b |
| P-cresol sulfate | 34.9 (24.4–51.6) | 30.7 (20.5–48.0) | 1.12 (0.87, 1.45) | 0.38 | 1.22 (0.92, 1.62) | 0.16 |
| Xanthosine | 68.2 (47.4–106.2) | 63.1 (40.7–88.8) | 1.39 (1.00, 1.93) | 0.052 | 1.48 (1.02, 2.13) | 0.037a |
| Summary score | 50.8 (43.6–57.0) | 47.2 (39.6–53.4) | 1.43 (1.06, 1.92) | 0.019a | 1.57 (1.13, 2.18) | 0.0076b |
CI, confidence interval; CKD-EPI, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; IQR, interquartile range; OR, odds ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
Odds ratios are per 50% lower secretory clearance for individual solutes and per 10-point decrement for summary score. Model 1 adjusts for age, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (2012 CKD-EPI creatinine), diabetes, flexibly- modeled HbA1c, and sex; model 2 further adjusts for log-transformed 24-hour urine albumin, SBP, body mass index, and current smoking.
a
Significant at P < 0.05.
b
Significant at P < 0.01 accounting for multiple comparisons.