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. 2022 Oct 5;7(12):2563–2574. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.09.024

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© 2022 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the International Society of Nephrology.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Meta-analysis forest plots of (a) MACE, (b) Death (c) Kidney Failure, (d) Adverse Events. CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CKD-FIX 2020, controlled trial of slowing of kidney disease progression from the inhibition of xanthine oxidase; dr, degrees of freedom; FEATHER 2018, febuxostat versus placebo randomized controlled trial regarding reduced renal function in patients with hyperuricemia complicated by chronic kidney disease stage 3; FREED 2019, febuxostat for cerebral and cardiorenovascular events PrEvEntion StuDy; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; PERL, preventing early renal function loss.