Table 4.

Summary of SGLT2 inhibitor kidney outcome trials117, 118, 119, 120

Study	CREDENCE (N = 4401)	DAPA-CKD (N = 4304)	EMPA-KIDNEY (N = 6609)	SCORED (N = 10,584)
Agent	Canagliflozin	Dapagliflozin	Empagliflozin	Sotagliflozin
Median follow-up	2.6 yr	2.4 yr	Trial stopped in March 2022 due to efficacy	16 mo (stopped early due to lack of funding)
Diabetes-related inclusion criteria	T2D	T2D or non-T2D	T2D or non-T2D	T2D
Inclusion criteria	eGFR ≥30 to <90 ml/min/1.73 m2 UACR: ≥300 to <5000 mg/g	eGFR ≥25 to <75 ml/min/1.73 m2 UACR: ≥200–5000 mg/g	eGFR ≥20 to <45 ml/min/1.73 m2 OR eGFR ≥45 to <90 ml/min/1.73 m2 with UACR ≥ 200 mg/g	eGFR ≥25 to <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 UACR ≥30 mg/g Additional CV risk factors
Baseline eGFR	56 ml/min/1.73 m2	43 ml/min/1.73 m2	37.5 ml/min/1.73 m2	44.4 ml/min/1.73 m2
Median Baseline UACR	927 mg/g	949 mg/g	412 mg/g	74 mg/g
Kidney outcome(s)	Primary outcome ESKD (dialysis, transplantation, or sustained eGFR <15 ml/min/1.73 m2), doubling of SCr, or death from renal causes: HR: 0.70 (CI: 0.59–0.82)	Primary outcome ≥50% decrease in eGFR, ESKD, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes: HR: 0.61 (CI:0.51–0.72)	Primary outcomea ≥40% decrease in eGFR, ESKD, sustained decline in eGFR to <10 ml/min/1.73 m2 or cardiovascular death	Secondary outcome No significant difference in >50% decline in the eGFR, long-term dialysis, kidney transplantation, or a sustained eGFR <15 ml/ min/1.73 m2 > 30 d
Cardiovascular outcome(s)	Secondary outcomes Reduction of composite of CV death or hospitalization for HF: HR 0.69 (CI: 0.57–0.83) Reduction in hospitalizations for HF: HR 0.61(CI: 0.47–0.80)	Secondary outcome Reduction of composite of CV death or hospitalization for HF: 0.71 (CI: 0.55–0.92)	Secondary outcomea Time to CV death or first hospitalization for HF Time to CV death Time to CV death or ESKD	Primary outcome Reduction of composite of CV deaths, and hospitalization and urgent visits for HF: HR 0.74 (CI: 0.63–0.88)) Secondary outcome Hospitalizations and urgent visits for heart failure. HR 0.67 (CI: 0.55–0.82)

CREDENCE, Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation; CV, cardiovascular; CI, confidence interval; DAPA-CKD, dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; EMPA-KIDNEY, The Study of Heart and Kidney Protection With Empagliflozin; HF, heart failure; HR, hazard ratio; SCr, serum creatinine; SCORED, Effect of Sotagliflozin on Cardiovascular and Renal Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Moderate Renal Impairment Who Are at Cardiovascular Risk; T2D, type 2 diabetes; UACR, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio.

^aFull release of EMPA-KIDNEY trial findings pending. CV risk factors: hospitalization for HF, Left ventricular hypertrophy; elevated NT-proBNP, coronary artery calcium, troponin, high sensitivity c-reactive protein, body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m², LDL >130 mg/dl or HDL <40 mg/dl for men or <50 mg/dl for women on maximally-tolerated statin therapy, current smoking, systolic blood pressure >140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg, family history of premature coronary heart disease.