TABLE 1.

Scientific practices identified by the National Research Council Framework and the three-dimensional framework aligned with the cognitive processes in authentic science inquiry and the specific science practices assessed in this systematic review

National Research Council framework	Three-dimensional framework (Laverty et al., 2016)	Cognitive processes in authentic science inquiry (Chinn and Malhotra, 2002)	Specific science practices identified in each CURE in this review
Asking questions		Generating research questions—scientists generate their own questions	Students develop the research question or select a hypothesis.
Developing and using models	Developing and using models
Planning and carrying out investigations	Planning investigations	Designing studiesMaking observations	Students design the methodology.
Analyzing and interpreting data	Analyzing and interpreting data	Explaining results
Using mathematics and computational thinking	Using mathematics and computational thinking
Constructing explanations	Constructing explanations
Engaging in argument from evidence	Engaging in argument from evidence	Developing theories
Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information	Evaluating information	Coordinating results from multiple studiesStudying research reports	Students review the primary literature.Students disseminate the results.