TABLE 2.

Parallels among revised Bloom’s taxonomy and policy documents^a

Framework	Content	Action	Intersection
Revised Bloom’s taxonomy	Knowledge Type	Cognitive process	Learning objective
V&C	Core concepts	Core competencies and disciplinary practices	Biological literacy
NGSS	Disciplinary core ideas, crosscutting concepts	Science and engineering practices	Standards
AP Biology	Big ideas, enduring understanding	Science practices	Performance expectations
MCAT	Foundational concepts, content categories	Scientific inquiry and reasoning skills	Problem solving

^aLearning objectives in the revised Bloom’s taxonomy combine the knowledge-type and cognitive-process dimensions and represent the intersection of disciplinary content and actions in context. This structure parallels the frameworks in a number of policy documents, such as Vision and Change in Undergraduate Biology Education (V&C), NGSS, AP Biology, and MCAT.