Table 2.
Outcomes of patients with pleural effusions
| Outcomes | All patients (N = 3692) | Group 0 (N = 1228) | Group 1 (N = 1232) | Group 2 (N = 1232) | Overall p value | Patients, n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mortality (in-hospital), n (%) | 456 (12.4) | 152 (12.4) | 114 (9.3) | 190 (15.4) | < 0.001 | 3692 |
| Length of stay in hospital (days), median (IQR) | 17.0 (11.0–30.0) | 13.0 (9.0–20.0) | 16.0 (11.0–27.0) | 27.0 (17.0–46.0) | < 0.001 | 3236 |
| Length of stay in ICU/IMCU (days), median (IQR) | 10.0 (6.00–20.0) | 7.00 (4.00–11.0) | 10.0 (6.00–17.0) | 18.0 (9.00–32.0) | < 0.001 | 3236 |
| Duration of ventilation (hours), median (IQR) | 25.0 (13.0–75.0) | 16.0 (10.0–29.0) | 25.0 (14.0–58.0) | 57.0 (21.0-224.0) | < 0.001 | 3196 |
| AKIa, n (%) | 2752 (74.5) | 793 (64.6) | 922 (74.8) | 1037 (84.2) | < 0.001 | 3692 |
| RRTb, n (%) | 481 (13.0) | 98 (7.98) | 137 (11.1) | 246 (20.0) | < 0.001 | 3692 |
| Red blood cell transfusion (units), median (IQR) | 4.00 (1.00–8.00) | 2.00 (0.00–5.00) | 3.00 (1.00–7.00) | 6.00 (3.00–13.0) | < 0.001 | 3692 |
| Hemothorax, n (%) | 168 (4.55) | 37 (3.01) | 76 (6.17) | 55 (4.46) | 0.001 | 3692 |
| Pleural drainage, n (%) | 1592 (43.1) | 0 (0.00) | 93 (0.1) | 1499 (94.2) | < 0.001 | 3692 |
| Redo surgery, n (%) | 293 (7.94) | 85 (6.92) | 152 (12.3) | 56 (4.55) | < 0.001 | 3692 |
Group 0: no pleural effusion. Group 1: pleural effusion not requiring an intervention. Group 2: pleural effusion requiring an intervention
aAKI: acute kidney injury defined as increase in serum creatinine of ≥ 0.3 mg/dl within 48 h.
bRRT: renal replacement procedure (continuous or discontinuous) in patients who did not have an ICD code of chronic kidney disease.