Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants
| Characteristics | control | no- DR | P1 value | mild DR | P2 value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 39 | 67 | - | 52 | - |
| Age, y | 60.89 ± 9.87 | 61.09 ± 10.69 | 0.928 | 60.00 ± 10.46 | 0.668 |
| Gender(male/female) | 15/24 | 38/29 | 0.07 | 25/27 | 0.360 |
| Laterality(right/left) | 23/16 | 39/28 | 0.939 | 29/23 | 0.76 |
| Visual acuity, log MAR | 0.12 ± 0.28 | 0.10 ± 0.18 | 0.651 | 0.14 ± 0.14 | 0.311 |
| Refractive error, diopters | 0.56 ± 1.42 | -0.08 ± 1.38 | 0.551 | -0.37 ± 1.75 | 0.629 |
| Duration of diabetes, y | - | 9.43 ± 6.48 | - | 17.14 ± 6.85 | < 0.05 |
| FBG,mmoL/L | - | 6.74 ± 1.32 | - | 7.20 ± 1.55 | 0.292 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.30 ± 0.96 | - | 7.41 ± 0.73 | 0.766 | |
| Glycated Albumin,% | 17.79 ± 5.65 | - | 19.10 ± 7.39 | 0.435 |