Fig. 3.

Effects of resolvin D5 on LPS-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs. The phosphorylation of MAPKs was evaluated by western blotting in a resolvin D5 dose-dependent manner (A). The THP-1 cells were pretreated with resolvin D5 (40 μM) with or without PD98059 (20 μM) for 1 h and then treated with LPS (1 μg/ml) for 24 h. The mRNA and protein levels were determined by RT-qPCR (B, C) and ELISA (D, E), respectively. The data were obtained from three independent experiments and reported as the mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05 (LPS alone versus LPS plus resolvin D5), **p < 0.01 (LPS alone versus LPS plus resolvin D5), ^# p < 0.05 (LPS and ERK inhibitor PD98059 versus LPS and ERK inhibitor PD98059 plus resolvin D5), ^## p < 0.01 (LPS and ERK inhibitor PD98059 versus LPS and ERK inhibitor PD98059 plus resolvin D5), as calculated by one-way ANOVA.