Table 2.
Host tropisms and receptors of coronaviruses.
| Virus | Host | Cellular receptor | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alphacoronavirus | |||
| HCoV-229E | Human | APNa | [96] |
| HCoV-NL63 | Human | ACE2b | [97] |
| FCoV | Feline | APN | [98] |
| CCoV | Canine | APN | [98] |
| TGEV | Porcine | APN | [99] |
| Betacoronavirus | |||
| SARS-CoV | Human | ACE2 | [100] |
| MERS-CoV | Human | DPP4c | [101] |
| HCoV-OC43 | Human | 9-O-acetylated sialic acid | [102] |
| HCoV-HKU1 | Human | 9-O-acetylated sialic acid | [103] |
| MHV | Mouse | CEACAMd | [104] |
aAminopeptidase N
bAngiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)
cDipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4/CD26)
dCarcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAM)