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. 2022 Dec 6;15(1):2153410. doi: 10.1080/19420862.2022.2153410

Figure 1.

Two bar charts illustrating the increase in the number of antibody therapeutics in late-stage clinical studies from 2010 through 2023 based on data derived from the ‘Antibodies to Watch’ articles;1 – 13 data for each article are collected at the end of the previous year. The top bar chart of Figure 1 shows that the number of antibodies in late-stage studies for non-cancer indications increased from 13 in 2010 to 65 in 2023, with most being full-length molecules in each of the years (range 83% to 100%). The bottom bar chart of Figure 1 shows that the number of antibodies in late-stage studies for cancer indications increased from 13 in 2010 to 73 in 2023. Molecular formats for the antibodies for cancer are diverse, with full-length antibodies comprising only 51% of the total in 2023.

Format and number of antibody therapeutics in late-stage clinical studies from 2010–2023*. (a) Format and number of antibodies in late-stage clinical studies for diseases other than cancer (i.e., all non-cancer indications). Antibodies that entered late-stage studies for COVID-19 during 2020–2022 were excluded to enable accurate comparisons to data from previous years. (b) Format and number of antibodies in late-stage clinical studies for cancer. As defined here, ADCs are antibody-derived proteins conjugated to a small molecule drug through a linker, while immunoconjugates are antibody-derived proteins fused or conjugated to any other biologically relevant modality, e.g., protein, radioisotope. Data were derived from the ‘Antibodies to Watch’ articles;1–13 data for each article are collected at the end of the previous year. *Data for 2023 is as of October 1, 2022. Abbreviations: ADC, antibody–drug conjugate.