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. 2022 Nov 23;13:1054968. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1054968

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Immunity to preproinsulin (PPI) and autoantibody titers up to 6 months after tolDC therapy. (A) Proliferative responses of T-cells reactive with preproinsulin are depicted prior to leukapheresis (first time point), before tolDC (0) and at different time points after tolDC therapy for individual patients. (B) Quantification of PPI9-24-specific CD8 + T-cells using Q-dot assay prior to leukapheresis (Ph), before tolDC (0) and at different time points after tolDC therapy in six HLA-A2 + patients. In three patients with the highest PPI-specific T-cell counts prior to therapy, reduction after tolDC therapy was observed, while low numbers of PPI-specific CD8 + T-cells pre-treatment, remained low. (C) Autoantibody titers (GAD65, IA-2 and ZnT8) after tolDC treatment, show no changes i.e. signs of induction/increase in beta–cell autoimmunity. Lines represent individual patient titers. Values in the gray area are below the negative cut-off for that specific autoantibody. Titers too low to show in the graphs: for p1-3 GAD ≤ 1.2; for p1-2 IA-2 ≤ 0.8, for p2-3 and p3-2 IA-2 = 0.