Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Med. 2022 Mar 18;135(7):e182–e193. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.02.036

Table 2:

Mean Testing Likelihood score and associations with clinician characteristics on bivariable analysis. The likelihood test score is the average of 4 individual testing scores provided by the respondent.

Variable Participants Mean Testing Likelihood Score, % (SD) P-value*
All All (n=552) 55 (19)

Age (years) <30 (n=171) 54 (17) 0.35
30–39 (n=208) 54 (20)
≥40 (n=167) 56 (20)

Study Site Pacific northwest (n=112) 45 (17) <0.01
Mid-Atlantic (n=304) 57 (19)
Texas (n=136) 58 (19)

Degree and training MD or DO resident (n=289) 54 (19) <0.01
MD or DO attending (n=202) 54 (20)
NP or PA (n=61) 63 (18)

Type of post-graduate training (MDs and DOs) Internal Medicine (n=335) 52 (19) 0.04
Family Medicine (n=142) 56 (19)

Years in Practice (since graduation) <3 years (n=239) 53 (18) 0.17
3–9 years (n=160) 55 (19)
10+ years (n=145) 57 (20)

Ever sued for malpractice Yes (n=31) 53 (16) 0.63
No (n=520) 55 (19)

Numeracy Score Low (n=64) 59 (18) <0.01
Medium (172) 58 (21)
High (n=306) 52 (18)

Risk Taking Score Low (n=162) 55 (18) 0.60
Medium (n=201) 55 (21)
High (n=189) 54 (18)

Fear of Malpractice Low (n=189) 53 (20) 0.03
Medium (n=176) 54 (19)
High (n=183) 58 (18)

Medical Maximizer-Minimizer Scale Low (n=169) 49 (20) <0.01
Medium (n=212) 55 (18)
High (n=164) 60 (18)

Burnout Score Very low (n=77) 58 (17) 0.26
Low (n=277) 54 (19)
Medium or High (n=190) 55 (20)

The Revised Physicians’ Reactions to Uncertainty Scales
 Stress from uncertainty subscale Low (n=202) 54 (19) <0.01
Medium (n=218) 53 (19)
High (n=128) 59 (20)

 Concern about bad outcomes subscale Low (n=172) 53 (19) <0.01
Medium (n=185) 52 (19)
High (n=194) 59 (19)

There is often uncertainty in the practice of medicine Disagree / agree slightly (n=131) 62 (20) <0.01
Agree moderately (n=188) 53 (19)
Agree strongly (n=232) 52 (18)
*

p-values are based on ANOVAs, for comparisons across the category