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. 2022 Nov 30;2022:2114451. doi: 10.1155/2022/2114451

Table 2.

Clinical characteristics of the sample. Data are presented as the mean (SD) and/or number (%).

Variable Obs/Freq Mean/Percentage Std. Err. [95% Conf. Interval]
MINI GAD 77 87.5% 0.03 0.78 0.92
MDD 67 76.13% 0.04 0.65 0.83
Panic disorder 56 63.6% 0.05 0.52 0.73
Social phobia/Agoraphobia 26 29.5% 0.04 0.20 0.40
Dysthymia 10 11.3% 0.03 0.06 0.19
OCD 3 3.4% 0.01 0.01 0.10

HADS HADS-D 88 12.04 0.46 11.12 12.96
HADS-A 88 14.34 0.39 13.55 15.12
AIS 88 14.13 0.52 13.10 15.17
SWLS 87 11.78 0.49 10.79 12.76
VAS pain 88 6.57 0.23 6.11 7.03
PDI 88 46.12 1.21 43.71 48.53
Onset of pain 86 35.44 1.29 32.87 38.02
Diagnosis of fibromyalgia 87 44.55 0.92 42.73 46.37
S-FIQ 87 55.58 1.06 53.47 57.69
Suicidal thinking 73 82.9% 0.04 0.73 0.89

Suicide attempt 28 32.9% 0.05 0.23 0.43
Violent 4 4.5% 0.02 0.01 0.11
No violent 24 27.2% 0.04 0.18 0.37
Severe 12 13.6% 0.03 0.078 0.22
Not severe 16 18.1% 0.04 0.11 0.27

Diagnostics axis III CFS 53 60.2% 0.05 0.49 0.70
Osteoarthritis 27 30.6% 0.04 0.21 0.41
Spinal disc herniation 10 11.3% 0.03 0.06 0.19
Chronic migraine 9 10.2% 0.03 0.05 0.18
Low back pain 9 10.2% 0.03 0.05 0.18
Thyroid diseases 8 9% 0.03 0.04 0.17
Rheumatoid arthritis 6 6.8% 0.02 0.03 0.14
Restless legs syndrome 5 5.6% 0.02 0.02 0.13
Chemical sensitivity syndrome 4 4.5% 0.02 0.01 0.11

Pharmacological treatment Anxiolytics/Hypnotics 53 60.9% 0.05 0.50 0.70
SNRI 43 49.4% 0.05 0.38 0.59
SSRI 18 20.6% 0.04 0.13 0.30
Other antidepressants 33 37.9% 0.05 0.28 0.48
Opioids+ Tramadol Codeine Morphine Fentanyl Oxycodone Buprenorphine Tapentadol 32
20
1
1
1
2
1
8
36.7%
22.7%
1.1%
1.1%
1.1%
2.3%
1.1%
9.1%
0.05
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.27
0.14
−0.01
−0.01
−0.01
−0.01
−0.01
0.03
0.47
0.32
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.06
0.03
0.16
Paracetamol 32 36.7% 0.05 0.27 0.47
Anti-inflammatory drugs 31 35.6% 0.05 0.26 0.46
Anticonvulsants 18 20.6% 0.04 0.13 0.30
Antipsychotics 8 9.1% 0.03 0.04 0.17

Obs/Freq : Number of cases observed/Frequency; Std. Error, Standard Error; Conf., Confidence; MINI : MINI Neuropsychiatric International Interview; MDD : Major Depressive Disorder; GAD : Generalized Anxiety Disorder; OCD : Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; HADS : Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS-D : Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression; HADS-A : Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety; AIS : Athens Insomnia Scale; SWLQ : Satisfaction With Life Questionnaire; VAS pain, Visual Analogue Scale for pain; PDI : Pain Disability Index; S-FIQ : Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Spanish validation; CFS : Chronic Fatigue Syndrome; SSRI : Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor; SNRI : Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor. Scales data are presented as means. The rest of the variables are presented as percentages. + also in combination.