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. 2022 Dec 8;7:69. doi: 10.1038/s41536-022-00265-0

Fig. 4. ECCs can generate cartilage in vivo without teratoma formation.

Fig. 4

a Schematic representation showing ECCs seeded in a collagen sponge in vitro for 4 weeks and surgically transplanted subcutaneously into the dorsum of NOD-SCID mice. The implants were harvested after 4 weeks and histologically confirmed to be cartilage. (Inset) Enlargement of HE staining. Scale bars, 200 µm. (Inset) Scale bars, 50 µm. b–d Harvested cartilage was positive for safranin O, alcian blue and toluidine blue staining. Scale bars, 100 µm. e–j Immunohistochemical staining showing that differentiated chondrocytes express common chondrocytic markers, including collagen II, collagen X, aggrecan, RUNX2, collagen I, and the articular cartilage marker lubricin. Scale bars, 100 µm.