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. 2022 Dec 7;13:7535. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35071-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — A Schematic of imiquimod-induced inflammation with therapeutic anti-CD1a administration. B Daily measurement of ear swelling. n = 4 (WT), n = 6 (CD1a), n = 8 (16), n = 8 (110), n = 10 (116), n = 2 (WT unchallenged), n = 6 (CD1a unchallenged), examined over 3 independent experiments. Two-way-ANOVA with Dunnett’s test, ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001 indicates significance at day 6 on comparison to “CD1a”. C Representative images of inflammation (day 8) induced by imiquimod treatment of wild-type (WT) and CD1a transgenic mice (CD1a Tg) followed by the treatment i.p. with mouse IgG1 isotype control or CD1a transgenic injected with the refined panel of anti-CD1a antibodies as in the schematic panel A (at day 3 arrowpoint). D Whole ear (upper panels) and epidermal (lower panels) thickness and CD1a protein expression within ear skin of wild-type (WT) and CD1a transgenic (CD1a) mice treated with imiquimod (Imiq) or untreated (U) visualized by immunofluorescence. Cryosections were stained with DAPI (blue) and anti-CD1a AF-594 (OKT6, red), scale bars 10 µm upper panels and 100 µm lower panels. Data shown representative of 2 independent experiments. E–G Flow cytometric analysis of ear skin of mouse IgG1 isotype treated wild-type (WT) and CD1a transgenic (CD1a) and CD1a transgenic injected with the refined panel of anti-CD1a antibodies following the treatment model of administration. Skin T cells were enumerated (/ear) and assessed for cell surface CD11a expression (E) and neutrophil (F) and eosinophil (G) enumerated (/ear). E–G n = 7 (WT), n = 8 (CD1a), n = 9 (16, 110, 116), examined over 3 independent experiments. One-way-ANOVA with Dunnett’s test, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. H Skin cytokine levels of mouse IgG1 isotype treated wild-type (WT) and CD1a transgenic (CD1a); and CD1a transgenic injected with anti-CD1a antibodies following the treatment model of administration as measured by cytometric bead array. n = 5 (WT, CD1a, 16), n = 4 (110), n = 6 (116), examined over 3 independent experiments. One-way-ANOVA with Dunnett’s test, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. Mean ± SD is shown. n represents biologically independent animals in each group. Exact p-values are recorded in Supplementary Table 5. Source Data are provided as a Source Data file.