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. 2022 Dec 7;13(12):1028. doi: 10.1038/s41419-022-05472-7

Fig. 5. LV-ETS1 Exos induce macrophage polarization toward M2 and increase CXCL5 and CCL2 expression in macrophages.

Fig. 5

A Representative images of THP-1 cells and M0 macrophages derived from THP-1 cells treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 24 h. Scale bars: 100 μm at ×100 magnification. B Representative immunofluorescence images of M0 macrophages treated with PKH26-labeled LV-ETS1 Exos (red) and LV-GFP Exos (red) for 12 h. Scale bars: 10 μm at ×630 magnification. C qRT-PCR analyses showing mRNA levels of M2 macrophage markers and associated cytokines in M0 macrophages treated with LV-ETS1 Exos or LV-GFP Exos for 48 h. D Western blotting analyses showing the protein levels of CXCL5 and CCL2 in M0 macrophages treated with LV-ETS1 Exos or LV-GFP Exos for 48 h. E Flow cytometry analysis showing the proportion of CD163 + macrophages in M0 macrophages treated with LV-ETS1 Exos or LV-GFP Exos for 48 h. F Western blotting analyses showing the protein levels of AKT, p-AKT and Sp1 in M0 macrophages treated with LV-ETS1 Exos or LV-GFP Exos for 48 h. Data are shown as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns non-significant.