Table 3.
Indirect and direct effect estimates with bootstrap CIs
| Effect | Estimated coefficient | 95% CI | Proportion mediated (%)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.412 | 0.186, 0.639 | - |
| Indirect effect through HbA1c | −0.007 | −0.036, 0.014 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.468 | 0.254, 0.682 | - |
| Indirect effect through fasting plasma glucose | 0.032 | 0.001, 0.077 | 6.8 |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.453 | 0.216, 0.690 | - |
| Indirect effect through fasting insulin | 0.020 | −0.004, 0.063 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.407 | 0.153, 0.662 | - |
| Indirect effect through triacylglycerol | 0.099 | 0.033, 0.189 | 24.3 |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.428 | 0.210, 0.646 | - |
| Indirect effect through total cholesterol | 0.009 | −0.010, 0.037 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.459 | 0.242, 0.676 | - |
| Indirect effect through HDL-cholesterol | 0.082 | 0.027, 0.151 | 17.9 |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.440 | 0.218, 0.662 | - |
| Indirect effect through LDL-cholesterol | 0.009 | −0.019, 0.021 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.514 | 0.253, 0.776 | - |
| Indirect effect through total amylin | 0.008 | −0.014, 0.043 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.496 | 0.231, 0.761 | - |
| Indirect effect through C-peptide | 0.015 | −0.012, 0.052 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.594 | 0.327, 0.861 | - |
| Indirect effect through total GLP-1 | −0.012 | −0.058, 0.023 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.578 | 0.308, 0.849 | - |
| Indirect effect through GIP | 0.003 | −0.060, 0.066 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.514 | 0.253, 0.776 | - |
| Indirect effect through glucagon | 0.013 | −0.015, 0.048 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.653 | 0.364, 0.942 | - |
| Indirect effect through ALT | 0.044 | −0.012, 0.130 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.653 | 0.364, 0.942 | - |
| Indirect effect through AST | 0.005 | −0.050, 0.061 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.653 | 0.364, 0.942 | - |
| Indirect effect through ALP | −0.003 | −0.076, 0.078 | - |
| Direct effect on intrapancreatic fat | 0.653 | 0.364, 0.942 | - |
| Indirect effect through GGT | 0.054 | −0.001, 0.135 | - |
Data on liver fat, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, total amylin, C-peptide, total GLP-1, GIP, glucagon, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT and triacylglycerol were log-transformed
The single-mediator model with single-level data was used. All the mediation analyses were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity and BMI
aProportion mediated represents an estimate of the extent to which the direct effect was accounted for by the pathway through the mediating variable. Significance of mediation was tested by computing bias-corrected bootstrap confidence intervals with 5000 repetitions