Table 2.
Differences in Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Among the Combined State Anxiety and Sleep Disturbance Latent Classes
| Characteristic | No Anxiety + Low Sleep Disturbance (0) 59.7% (n=794) |
Moderate Anxiety + High Sleep Disturbance (1) 32.5% (n=433) |
High Anxiety + Very High Sleep Disturbance (2) 7.8% (n=104) |
Statistics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
| Age (years) | 58.7 (11.9) | 55.1 (12.9) | 54.2 (11.7) | F=15.51, p<.001 0 > 1 and 2 |
| Education (years) | 16.3 (3.0) | 16.1 (3.0) | 15.9 (3.1) | F=1.26, p=.284 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.9 (5.3) | 26.5 (6.2) | 26.7 (6.1) | F=1.61, p=.200 |
| Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score | 2.9 (2.2) | 3.1 (2.8) | 2.9 (3.1) | F=0.68, p=.505 |
| Karnofsky Performance Status score | 83.1 (11.8) | 76.3 (12.1) | 70.9 (11.3) | F=75.70, p<.001 0 > 1 > 2 |
| Number of comorbid conditions | 2.2 (1.3) | 2.6 (1.5) | 3.2 (1.6) | F=27.14, p<.001 0 < 1 < 2 |
| Self-administered Comorbidity Questionnaire score | 4.9 (2.9) | 6.0 (3.4) | 7.6 (3.8) | F=41.72, p<.001 0 < 1 < 2 |
| Time since diagnosis (years) | 2.0 (3.8) | 2.2 (4.4) | 1.1 (2.0) | KW=3.39, p=.184 |
| Time since diagnosis (years, median) | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.42 | |
| Number of prior cancer treatments | 1.6 (1.5) | 1.7 (1.5) | 1.5 (1.4) | F=0.77, p=.462 |
| Number of metastatic sites including lymph node involvementa | 1.3 (1.2) | 1.2 (1.3) | 1.2 (1.2) | F=0.19, p=.828 |
| Number of metastatic sites excluding lymph node involvement | 0.8 (1.0) | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.7 (1.0) | F=0.63, p=.533 |
| MAX2 score | 0.17 (0.08) | 0.18 (0.08) | 0.18 (0.09) | F=3.48, p=.031 0 <1 |
| % (n) | % (n) | % (n) | ||
| Gender (% female) | 74.7 (592) | 83.4 (361) | 80.4 (84) | X2=12.91, p=.002 0 < 1 |
| Self-reported ethnicity White Asian or Pacific Islander Black Hispanic, Mixed, or Other |
71.4 (559) 12.9 (101) 7.7 (60) 8.0 (63) |
67.9 (290) 11.9 (51) 6.1 (26) 14.1 (18) |
62.5 (65) 11.5 (12) 8.7 (9) 17.3 (18) |
X2=16.68, p=.011 NS NS NS 0 < 1 and 2 |
| Married or partnered (% yes) | 68.8 (539) | 59.8 (254) | 51.0 (53) | X2=18.92, p<.001 0 > 1 and 2 |
| Lives alone (% yes) | 18.5 (145) | 26.0 (111) | 26.0 (27) | X2=10.37, p=.006 0 < 1 |
| Currently employed (% yes) | 39.7 (311) | 27.5 (118) | 30.8 (32) | X2=18.92, p<.001 0 > 1 |
| Annual household income Less than $30,000 $30,000 to $70,000 $70,000 to $100,000 Greater than $100,000 |
13.1 (92) 21.0 (147) 18.3 (128) 47.6 (333) |
22.7 (90) 22.5 (89) 16.2 (64) 38.6 (153) |
40.0 (38) 16.8 (16) 9.5 (9) 33.7 (32) |
KW=30.38, p<.001 0 > 1 and 2 |
| Childcare responsibilities (% yes) | 19.2 (149) | 25.4 (107) | 31.7 (33) | X2=12.10, p=.002 0 < 1 and 2 |
| Elder care responsibilities (% yes) | 6.5 (47) | 11.0 (43) | 6.1 (6) | X2=7.37, p=.025 0 < 1 |
| Past or current history of smoking (% yes) | 34.0 (266) | 35.5 (151) | 44.1 (45) | X2=4.05, p=.132 |
| Exercise on a regular basis (% yes) | 73.3 (573) | 68.5 (287) | 61.0 (61) | X2=8.03, p=.018 0 > 2 |
| Specific comorbid conditions | ||||
| Heart disease | 5.7 (45) | 6.7 (29) | 1.9 (2) | X2=3.56, p=.169 |
| High blood pressure | 30.9 (245) | 27.5 (119) | 36.5 (38) | X2=3.66, p=.160 |
| Lung disease | 10.7 (85) | 11.3 (49) | 16.3 (17) | X2=2.91, p=.233 |
| Diabetes | 8.4 (67) | 8.8 (38) | 13.5 (14) | X2=2.87, p=.238 |
| Ulcer or stomach disease | 3.8 (30) | 5.3 (23) | 11.5 (12) | X2=12.18, p=.002 0 < 2 |
| Kidney disease | 0.9 (7) | 1.8 (8) | 3.8 (4) | X2=6.55, p=.038 0 < 2 |
| Liver disease | 6.9 (55) | 6.5 (28) | 2.9 (3) | X2=2.49, p=.288 |
| Anemia or blood disease | 10.5 (83) | 13.6 (59) | 21.2 (22) | X2=10.76, p=.005 0 < 2 |
| Depression | 9.6 (76) | 29.3 (127) | 51.9 (54) | X2=147.23, p<.001 0 < 1 < 2 |
| Osteoarthritis | 11.7 (93) | 13.2 (57) | 10.6 (11) | X2=0.80, p=.670 |
| Back pain | 19.6 (156) | 31.6 (137) | 47.1 (49) | X2=48.22, p<.001 0 < 1 < 2 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 3.1 (25) | 3.0 (13) | 3.8 (4) | X2=0.20, p=.907 |
| Cancer diagnosis Breast cancer Gastrointestinal cancer Gynecological cancer Lung cancer |
39.3 (312) 31.9 (253) 17.3 (137) 11.6 (92) |
41.6 (180) 28.4 (123) 18.7 (81) 11.3 (49) |
43.3 (45) 27.9 (29) 13.5 (14) 15.4 (16) |
X2=4.55, p=.603 |
| Prior cancer treatment No prior treatment Only surgery, CTX, or RT Surgery and CTX, or surgery and RT, or CTX and RT Surgery and CTX and RT |
26.2 (202) 40.7 (314) 21.6 (167) 11.5 (89) |
22.7 (96) 43.8 (185) 17.5 (74) 15.9 (67) |
26.2 (27) 43.7 (45) 15.5 (16) 14.6 (15) |
X2=9.48, p=.148 |
| Metastatic sites No metastasis Only lymph node metastasis Only metastatic disease in other sites Metastatic disease in lymph nodes and other sites |
31.8 (250) 21.1 (166) 22.7 (179) 24.4 (192) |
33.4 (142) 22.4 (95) 19.1 (81) 25.2 (107) |
34.0 (35) 26.2 (27) 17.5 (18) 22.3 (23) |
X2=4.22, p=.647 |
| Receipt of targeted therapy No Yes |
68.3 (533) 31.7 (247) |
72.0 (304) 28.0 (118) |
73.5 (75) 26.5 (27) |
X2=2.47, p=.291 |
| Cycle length 14-day cycle 21-day cycle 28-day cycle |
43.3 (342) 49.0 (387) 7.7 (61) |
39.8 (170) 53.6 (229) 6.6 (28) |
39.2 (40) 53.9 (55) 6.9 (7) |
KW=0.88, p=.644 |
| Emetogenicity of the CTX regimen Minimal/low Moderate High |
19.2 (152) 62.7 (495) 18.1 (143) |
19.9 (85) 58.2 (249) 22.0 (94) |
20.6 (21) 60.8 (62) 18.6 (19) |
KW=0.84, p=.657 |
| Antiemetic regimen None Steroid alone or serotonin receptor antagonist alone Serotonin receptor antagonist and steroid NK-1 receptor antagonist and two other antiemetics |
8.1 (63) 20.7 (161) 49.6 (385) 21.5 (167) |
5.8 (24) 20.9 (86) 45.4 (187) 27.9 (115) |
5.0 (5) 17.8 (18) 42.6 (43) 34.7 (35) |
X2=13.71, p=.033 NS NS NS 0 < 1 and 2 |
a
Total number of metastatic sites evaluated was 9.
Abbreviations: CTX, chemotherapy; kg, kilograms; KW, Kruskal Wallis; m2, meters squared; n/a, not applicable; NK-1, neurokinin-1; NS, not significant; pw, pairwise; SD, standard deviation; RT, radiation therapy.